Figure 1.

Aspergillus Idos catabolize Trp for NAD⁺ and kynurenines biosynthesis

(A) Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of IDOs.

(B) mRNA fold increase of Aspergillus idoA, idoB, and idoC in GMM and GMM + Trp at 24 h of culture.

(C and D) Peak levels and relative abundance of l-kynurenine (Kyn) and nicotinamide (D) in WT (Aspergillus akuB^KU80) and mutant strains inoculated on solid GMM supplemented with NAM and Trp and cultured at 37°C for 84 h in triplicates.

(E) Growth of parental akuB^KU80and mutant strains in GMM, GMM + Trp (60 μM), and NAD supplementation (NAM) to the growth medium.

(B and D) Data are represented as mean ± SD. Graphs are representative of data collected from three independent replicate experiments.

(B) Statistical significance (^∗∗∗p < 0.0001) was determined against the untreated (GMM) (two-tailed Student’s t test unpaired parametric).

(D) Statistical significance (^∗∗∗p < 0.0001) was determined against the Aspergillus akuB^KU80 strain (two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s akuB^KU80 versus ΔidoA/B and versus ΔidoA/B/C).

(C and E) Experiments were repeated three times.

See also Figures S1–S4.