Table 4.
The comparison of demographic and lifestyle factors of study participants in different levels of major dietary patterns
| Variable | Western dietary pattern | Healthy dietary pattern | Traditional dietary pattern | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | P† | 1 | 2 | 3 | P† | 1 | 2 | 3 | P† | |
| Age (year) | 38.69 ± 9.36 | 37.70 ± 8.43 | 37.72 ± 8.83 | 0.45 | 36.85 ± 8.61 | 38.35 ± 9.31 | 38.91 ± 8.60 | 0.04 | 37.08 ± 9.03 | 38.70 ± 8.95 | 38.32 ± 8.60 | 0.17 |
| Weight (Kg) | 65.48 ± 9.02 | 69.15 ± 12.60 | 78.63 ± 12.12 | < 0.001 | 72.56 ± 12.53 | 70.22 ± 12.32 | 70.51 ± 12.95 | 0.13 | 70.64 ± 12.81 | 70.59 ± 12.52 | 72.05 ± 12.55 | 0.43 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 25.34 ± 3.17 | 26.21 ± 4.56 | 28.70 ± 4.27 | < 0.001 | 26.97 ± 4.20 | 26.34 ± 4.01 | 26.94 ± 4.60 | 0.26 | 26.62 ± 4.12 | 26.64 ± 4.07 | 26.99 ± 4.64 | 0.64 |
| Waist-circumference (cm) | 85.62 ± 7.70 | 88.98 ± 11.04 | 96.79 ± 10.42 | < 0.001 | 91.65 ± 10.92 | 89.96 ± 10.44 | 89.81 ± 11.20 | 0.17 | 90.24 ± 10.98 | 90.13 ± 10.42 | 91.05 ± 11.23 | 0.66 |
| Hip-circumference (cm) | 97.16 ± 6.50 | 98.95 ± 7.89 | 102.12 ± 8.40 | < 0.001 | 99.72 ± 7.53 | 98.52 ± 7.77 | 100.01 ± 8.33 | 0.14 | 99.16 ± 7.35 | 98.95 ± 7.55 | 100.13 ± 8.71 | 0.28 |
| WHR | 0.88 ± 0.06 | 0.89 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 | 0.91 ± 0.08 | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.89 ± 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.90 ± 0.08 | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 0.97 |
| Physical activity (MET-min/wk) | 1552 ± 892 | 1581 ± 973 | 1227 ± 776 | < 0.001 | 1388 ± 800 | 1576 ± 938 | 1396 ± 938 | 0.06 | 1418 ± 890 | 1506 ± 976 | 1436 ± 820 | 0.59 |
| SES | 1.49 ± 0.80 | 1.48 ± 0.77 | 1.76 ± 0.73 | < 0.001 | 1.59 ± 0.75 | 1.53 ± .77 | 1.61 ± .81 | 0.56 | 1.64 ± 0.78 | 1.48 ± 0.79 | 1.61 ± 0.76 | 0.09 |
| Marital status | ||||||||||||
| Married | 158 (81.0) | 161 (82.1) | 171 (87.2) | 0.04 | 164 (84.1) | 158 (80.6) | 168 (85.7) | 0.02 | 154 (79.0) | 170 (86.7) | 166 (84.7) | 0.09 |
| Married-p | 10 (5.1) | 2 (1.0) | 4 (2.0) | 1 (0.5) | 11 (5.6) | 4 (2) | 4 (2.1) | 7 (3.6) | 5 (2.6) | |||
| Single | 27 (13.8) | 33 (16.8) | 21 (10.7) | 30 (15.4) | 27 (13.8) | 24 (12.2) | 37 (19) | 19 (9.7) | 25 (12.8) | |||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Lower than diploma | 20 (10.3) | 19 (9.7) | 27 (13.8) | 0.01 | 15 (7.7) | 25 (12.8) | 26 (13.3) | 0.11 | 17 (8.7) | 31 (15.8) | 18 (9.2) | 0.22 |
| Diploma | 81 (41.5) | 83 (42.3) | 75 (38.3) | 76 (39) | 75 (38.3) | 88 (44.9) | 83 (42.6) | 81 (41.3) | 75 (38.3) | |||
| BSc | 65 (33.3) | 63 (32.1) | 83 (42.3) | 80 (41) | 66 (33.7) | 65 (33.2) | 70 (35.9) | 62 (31.6) | 79 (40.3) | |||
| Higher than BSc | 29 (14.9) | 31 (15.8) | 11 (5.6) | 24 (12.3) | 30 (15.3) | 17 (8.7) | 25 (12.8) | 22 (11.2) | 24 (12.2) | |||
| NAFLD | ||||||||||||
| YES | 6 (3.1) | 40 (20.4) | 142 (72.4) | < 0.001 | 75 (38.5) | 60 (30.6) | 53 (27) | 0.06 | 66 (33.8) | 56 (28.6) | 66 (33.7) | 0.44 |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | 90 (46.2) | 103 (52.6) | 118 (60.2) | 0.02 | 106 (54.4) | 112 (57.1) | 93 (47.4) | 0.14 | 98 (50.3) | 108 (55.1) | 105 (53.6) | 0.61 |
| Female | 105 (53.8) | 93 (47.4) | 78 (39.8) | 89 (45.6) | 84 (42.9) | 103 (52.6) | 97 (49.7) | 88 (44.9) | 91 (46.4) | |||
All values are mean ± SD
†ANOVA for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variable