Table 2.

Association between clinical variables and cerebrovascular accidents at 10 years.

Variables		HR 95% CI (univariable)	HR 95% CI (multivariable)
pAF (SR as reference)		1.79 (1.25–2.57, p=0.001)	1.53 (1.06–2.23, p=0.025)
Age		1.07 (1.05–1.10, p<0.001)	1.07 (1.05–1.10, p<0.001)
Ethnicity	Caucasian	Reference	Reference
	East-Asian	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.995)	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.996)
	South-Asian	0.46 (0.15–1.45, p=0.186)	0.89 (0.28–2.87, p=0.847)
	Afro-Caribbean	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.997)	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.998)
	African	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.996)	0.00 (0.00-Inf, p=0.996)
	Hispanic	2.88 (1.51–5.49, p=0.001)	4.95 (2.48–9.90, p<0.001)
Female gender		1.99 (1.33–2.97, p=0.001)	1.62 (1.07–2.46, p=0.024)
LVEF	≥ 50%	Reference
	30–50 %	1.38 (0.94–2.03, p=0.101)	-
	< 30%	1.36 (0.43–4.29, p=0.603)	-
Peripheral Vascular Disease		1.05 (0.53–2.06, p=0.892)	-
Creatinine		1.01 (1.00–1.01, p=0.026)	-
Body Mass Index		0.99 (0.95–1.04, p=0.709)	-
COPD		1.74 (0.71–4.26, p=0.224)	-
Smoking	Current	Reference
	Ex-smoker	0.77 (0.47–1.27, p=0.311)	0.52 (0.31–0.87, p=0.013)
	Never smoked	1.05 (0.62–1.77, p=0.857)	0.60 (0.35–1.05, p=0.072)
Prior CVA		3.26 (2.02–5.25, p<0.001)	2.56 (1.58–4.15, p<0.001)
NYHA class 3 or 4		0.73 (0.46–1.16, p=0.184)	0.61 (0.37–0.98, p=0.043)
Diabetes	No	Reference
	Insulin-dependent	1.07 (0.50–2.30, p=0.869)	-
	Non-insulin dependent	1.12 (0.72–1.74, p=0.602)	-
Arterial hypertension		1.59 (0.98–2.55, p=0.058)	-
Unstable angina		0.79 (0.39–1.61, p=0.514)	-
Prior MI		1.06 (0.75–1.50, p=0.740)	-
Prior PCI		1.57 (1.04–2.37, p=0.033)	1.85 (1.22–2.80, p=0.004)
Off-pump surgery		1.27 (0.90–1.80, p=0.173)	-
Number of grafts		1.04 (0.84–1.28, p=0.737)	-

pAF: post-operative atrial fibrillation; SR: sinus rhythm; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA: cerebrovascular accident: NYHA: New York Heart Association; MI: myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention