Table 9.
Mean levels (μg/kg) of iAs in selected food categories
| N | %LC | Mean values (μg/kg)c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LB | UB | |||
| Grains for human consumption, except rice | 67 | 64 | 9 | 18 |
| Rice, unspecified | 405 | 15 | 79 | 85 |
| Rice, brown | 382 | 3 | 128 | 131 |
| Rice, long‐grain | 502 | 17 | 77 | 87 |
| Rice, parboiled | 131 | 7 | 98 | 102 |
| Rice, red | 7 | 0 | 232 | 232 |
| Rice, white | 337 | 10 | 74 | 79 |
| Wheat milling products | 41 | 95 | 1 | 20 |
| Wheat flour, white | 13 | 62 | 5 | 10 |
| Rice milling products | 6 | 0 | 81 | 81 |
| Rice flour | 19 | 5 | 104 | 109 |
| Rice flour white | 7 | 0 | 73 | 73 |
| Pasta (Raw) | 8 | 75 | 14 | 26 |
| Pasta, gluten free | 6 | 50 | 59 | 70 |
| Noodle, rice | 17 | 24 | 66 | 76 |
| Breakfast cereals | 16 | 31 | 17 | 21 |
| Mixed cereal flakes | 6 | 33 | 52 | 64 |
| Cereal bars | 7 | 86 | 4 | 21 |
| Corn flakes | 11 | 45 | 21 | 30 |
| Rice flakes | 113 | 5 | 123 | 126 |
| Rice flakes and chocolate | 7 | 0 | 46 | 46 |
| Breakfast rice, popped (loose) | 62 | 19 | 100 | 114 |
| Rice, popped with sugar | 8 | 0 | 94 | 94 |
| Rice porridge | 7 | 0 | 12 | 12 |
| ‘Rice cakes/Rice waffles/Rice crackers’ | 579 | 4 | 146 | 148 |
| Biscuits (cookies) | 22 | 82 | 8 | 26 |
| Rice bread | 10 | 10 | 75 | 80 |
| Follow‐on formula, milk‐based | 47 | 91 | 0.08 | 2 |
| Infant formula, milk‐based | 38 | 95 | 0.02 | 4 |
| Ready‐to‐eat meals for children, unspecified | 99 | 90 | 2 | 17 |
| Ready‐to‐eat meals for children, cereal‐based | 12 | 83 | 3 | 6 |
| Ready‐to‐eat meals for children, meat/fish‐based | 12 | 75 | 9 | 39 |
| Cereal‐based food for infants and young children | 131 | 33 | 31 | 38 |
| Cereal‐based food for infants and young children, with rice | 93 | 6 | 77 | 79 |
| Biscuits, rusks and cookies for children | 52 | 17 | 83 | 94 |
| Fungi, cultivated | 56 | 96 | 13 | 45 |
| Fungi, wild, edible | 20 | 60 | 16 | 25 |
| Sea weedsa , b | 138 | 41 | 2,803 | 2,837 |
| Kombub | 13 | 38 | 9,113 | 9,134 |
| Laverb | 66 | 56 | 63 | 97 |
| Wakameb | 62 | 45 | 182 | 201 |
| Fish meat | 451 | 90 | 4 | 16 |
| Crustaceans | 58 | 53 | 15 | 27 |
| Mussel (Mytilus edulis) | 244 | 13 | 30 | 32 |
| Oyster (Ostrea edulis) | 64 | 5 | 10 | 11 |
| Clam (Mya arenaria) | 20 | 10 | 108 | 110 |
| Rice‐based meals | 63 | 19 | 28 | 29 |
| Cow milk | 109 | 97 | 0.007 | 4 |
| Rice drink | 43 | 42 | 8 | 17 |
| Juice, Apple | 5 | 80 | 3 | 20 |
| Juice, Orange | 25 | 96 | 1 | 10 |
| Juice, multi‐fruit | 5 | 40 | 7 | 17 |
| Fruit nectar | 19 | 63 | 4 | 15 |
| Mixed fruit and vegetable juice | 5 | 40 | 1 | 1 |
| Drinking water, unspecified | 1,715 | 58 | 2 | 3 |
| Tap water | 593 | 60 | 2 | 3 |
| Well water | 945 | 65 | 1 | 3 |
| Bottled water | 522 | 68 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Still mineral water | 1,895 | 63 | 1 | 2 |
| Carbonated mineral water | 1,597 | 62 | 0.8 | 2 |
N = number of samples; LC = left‐censored data; LB = lower bound; UB = upper bound.
a
Includes three samples of brown seaweed Hiziki or Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme, syn. Hizikia fusiformis) with iAs reported values of 56,000 μg/kg (two samples) and 8,500 μg/kg.
b
Apart from few samples either with no information provided or reported as ‘unprocessed’, samples of seaweed refer to dehydrated products.
c
Mean values are rounded to the nearest integer, except for mean values below 1 μg/kg that are shown with one significant figure.