Table 2.
Registered phase wise clinical trials for different biological targets of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies in management of COVID-19 associated Cytokine Storm.
| Biological Target | Name of mAbs | Total no. of Clinical Trials going on | Early Phase-1 | Phase-1 | Phase-2 | Phase-3 | Phase-4 | Phase not mentioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-6 receptors Inhibitor | 65 | 1 | - | 38 | 16 | 3 | 7 | |
| Tocilizumab | 44 | - | 24 | 12 | 2 | _ | 6 | |
| Sarilumab | 11 | - | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | _ | |
| Sirukumab | 3 | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | 1 | |
| Clazakizumab | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
| Olokizumab | 4 | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | |
| Siltuximab | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
| Levilimab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| GM-CSF Inhibitor | 7 | - | 1 | 5 | 1 | - | - | |
| Lenzilumab | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
| Mavrilimumab | 3 | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | |
| TJ003234 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
| Gimsilumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| Otilimab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| TNFα Inhibitor | Infliximab/Infliximab-abda | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| P-selectin Blocker | Crizanlizumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| CTGF Inhibitor | Pamrevlumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| CSF-1R Inhibitor | Axatilimab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| IL-1β Blocker | Canakinumab | 4 | - | - | 1 | 2 | - | 1 |
| TNFSF14 Inhibitor | CERC-002 - An anti-LIGHT fully human monoclonal antibody | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Anti CD14 | 4 | - | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
| REGN10933 + REGN10987 combination therapy | 3 | - | 2 | - | 1 | - | - | |
| Atibuclimab (IC-14) | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| IL-1ra Inhibitor | Anakinra | 8 | - | - | 5 | 3 | - | - |
| IL-8 Inhibitor | HuMax IL8 (BMS-986253) | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| IFN-γ Neutralizer | Emapalumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Plasma kallikrein Inhibitor | Lanadelumab | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Block viral entry | LY3819253 | 2 | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - |
| VEGF Inhibitor | Bevacizumab | 2 | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 |
| IL-33 Inhibitor | Astegolimab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| IL-17A Inhibitor | Secukinumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| PD-1 receptor Binder | 5 | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | |
| Nivolumab | 4 | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | |
| Pembrolizumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
| Human Factor XIIa antagonist | Garadacimab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Angiopoietin - 2 Inhibitor | LY3127804 | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Complementary Protein 5 blocker | 5 | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Ravulizumab | 2 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
| Eculizumab | 3 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 2 | |
| NKG2A Inhibitor | Monalizumab | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Anti-HER2 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
| Pertuzumab | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
| Transtuzumab | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
| Anti ILT-7 | VIB7734 -Daxdilimab | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| CCR5 inhibitor | Leronlimab | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | |
| Anti C5aR antibody | Avdoralimab | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Anti-CD147 | Meplazumab | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
| Other | CT-P59 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - |
IL, Interleukin. ILT, Immunoglobulin-like transcript. TNFα, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha. CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor. GM-CSF, Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor. TNFSF, Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily. CSF-1R, Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor. IFN- Interferon, VEGF, Vascular Endothelial growth Factor. PD, Programmed Cell Death Protein. CD, Cluster of Differentiation. CCR, Chemokine Receptor. NKG2A, Natural Killer Group 2 Member ACell Receptor. HER, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. C5aR, Complementary component fragment 5a receptor.