Table 2.
HFpEF clinical characteristics and medications
| Disease-Related Characteristics | Normal Reference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NYHA Class II | 4 (50%) | |||
| NYHA Class III | 4 (50%) | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (25%) | |||
| CAD | 3 (38%) | |||
| COPD | 1 (13%) | |||
| Diabetes | 2 (25%) | |||
| Hypertension | 4 (50%) | |||
| Six-min walk distance, m | 387 ± 43 | |||
| B-type natriuretic peptide, pg/mL | 132 ± 55 | |||
| Echocardiography | ||||
| Ejection fraction, % | 61 ± 5 | ≥55 | ||
| LV IVSd, cm | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 | |
| LV PWd, cm | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.9 | |
| LV ID diastole, cm | 4.8 ± 0.6 | 3.9 | 5.3 | |
| LV ID systole, cm | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 2.0 | 4.0 | |
| LA ESV index, mL/m2 | 39 ± 12 | <34 | ||
| TR gradient, mmHg | 44 ± 8 | |||
| Peak E wave, cm/s | 95 ± 20 | ≤50 | ||
| Peak A wave, cm/s | 72 ± 28 | |||
| E/A ratio | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 0.8–2.0 | ||
| E′ lateral wall, cm/s | 8 ± 1 | >10 | ||
| E′ septal wall, cm/s | 6 ± 1 | >7 | ||
| E/E′ lateral | 12 ± 3 | <13 | ||
| E/E′ septal | 17 ± 4 | <15 | ||
| E/E′ ratio (average) | 14 ± 3 | <14 | ||
| Mitral E-wave deceleration, ms | 236 ± 60 | |||
| Peak TR velocity, m/s | 3.1 ± 0.4 | <2.8 | ||
| Medications | ||||
| β-Receptor blockers | 4/8 (50% | |||
| ACEi or ARB | 5/8 (63%) | |||
| Loop diuretics | 4/8 (50%) | |||
| Statin | 2/8 (25%) | |||
| Nitrates | 2/8 (25%) | |||
| Calcium channel blockers | 5/8 (63%) |
Values are means ± SD or %group; n = 8 HFpEF. ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme iinhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; LA ESV, left atrium end systolic volume; LV ID, left ventricular internal diameter; LV IVSd, left ventrical interventricular septum diameter; LV PWd, left ventricular posterior wall diameter; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.