Table 4.
Logistic regression and linear regression outcomes on protective health behaviors
| Social distancing | Hygiene | Leaving home for food | Leaving home to exercise | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | OR | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | |
| Step 1: Demographics | |||||||||
| Age | .03 | 1.03 | < .001 | .18 | < .001 | − .09 | .04 | .04 | .34 |
| Gender (Female = 0) | − .61 | .55 | < .001 | − .19 | < .001 | .03 | .46 | .03 | .43 |
| Race (Non-White = 0) | .06 | 1.06 | .75 | − .13 | < .001 | − .08 | .03 | .20 | < .001 |
| Income | .09 | 1.09 | .11 | .08 | .04 | − .09 | .02 | .16 | < .001 |
| Risk (No risk = 0) | − .05 | .96 | .79 | .05 | .19 | .02 | .64 | − .08 | .05 |
| Media source bias | − .48 | .62 | .002 | − .14 | < .001 | .02 | .62 | .004 | .91 |
| R2 | .11 | .11 | .02 | .08 | |||||
| Step 2: Cognitive and affective beliefs | |||||||||
| Age | .03 | 1.03 | < .001 | .15 | .001 | − .13 | .005 | .04 | .38 |
| Gender (Female = 0) | − .55 | .58 | < .001 | − .17 | < .001 | .01 | .70 | .03 | .49 |
| Race (Non-White = 0) | .11 | 1.11 | .55 | − .13 | < .001 | − .08 | .05 | .19 | < .001 |
| Income | .11 | 1.12 | .05 | .09 | .01 | − .09 | .02 | .16 | < .001 |
| Risk (No risk = 0) | − .21 | .81 | .26 | .01 | .72 | .04 | .35 | − .07 | .07 |
| Media source bias | − .34 | .72 | .04 | − .09 | .02 | − .01 | .81 | − .01 | .89 |
| Perceived risk | − .23 | .79 | .03 | − .07 | .21 | .03 | .58 | .11 | .07 |
| Perceived severity | .33 | 1.40 | < .001 | .13 | .004 | − .11 | .02 | − .05 | .25 |
| Worry | .10 | 1.11 | .23 | .22 | < .001 | − .06 | .30 | − .05 | .34 |
| Others’ risk | .26 | 1.30 | .004 | .02 | .62 | − .09 | .07 | − .07 | .21 |
| Others’ severity | .001 | 1.00 | .99 | .07 | .10 | .08 | .07 | .00 | .99 |
| Others’ worry | − .15 | 0.86 | .05 | − .01 | .82 | .11 | .02 | .08 | .09 |
| R2 | .17 | .19 (ΔR2 = .08) | .05 (ΔR2 = .03) | .09 (ΔR2 = .01) | |||||
| Step 3: Cognitive and affective beliefs interactions | |||||||||
| Age | .03 | 1.03 | < .001 | .15 | < .001 | − .13 | .006 | .04 | .38 |
| Gender (Female = 0) | − .55 | .58 | < .001 | − .17 | < .001 | .01 | .76 | .03 | .49 |
| Race (Non-White = 0) | .12 | 1.13 | .51 | − .13 | < .001 | − .07 | .08 | .19 | < .001 |
| Income | .10 | 1.11 | .07 | .08 | .02 | − .08 | .03 | .16 | < .001 |
| Risk (No risk = 0) | − .23 | .79 | .21 | .01 | .76 | .04 | .33 | − .07 | .08 |
| Media source bias | − .35 | .70 | .03 | − .08 | .02 | − .02 | .75 | .002 | .96 |
| Perceived risk | − .22 | .80 | .05 | − .07 | .21 | .01 | .85 | .12 | .05 |
| Perceived severity | .37 | 1.45 | < .001 | .13 | .004 | − .12 | .02 | − .07 | .16 |
| Worry | .07 | 1.07 | .46 | .22 | < .001 | − .04 | .50 | − .05 | .41 |
| Others’ risk | .31 | 1.37 | .001 | .05 | .33 | − .10 | .07 | − .07 | .19 |
| Others’ severity | .01 | 1.01 | .89 | .07 | .08 | .07 | .11 | .003 | .95 |
| Others’ worry | − .19 | .83 | .02 | − .04 | .42 | .11 | .02 | .08 | .08 |
| Perceived risk X worry | − .07 | .93 | .12 | − .07 | .09 | .06 | .15 | − .03 | .49 |
| Perceived severity X worry | .08 | 1.09 | .09 | .01 | .84 | − .05 | .24 | − .05 | .23 |
| Others’ risk X others’ worry | .07 | 1.08 | .17 | .09 | .02 | .03 | .49 | − .01 | .77 |
| Others’ severity X others’ worry | .07 | 1.07 | .13 | .05 | .16 | − .01 | .81 | .02 | .54 |
| R2 | .19 | .20 (ΔR2 = .01) | .05 (ΔR2 = .01) | .10 (ΔR2 = .004) | |||||
Significant effects (p ≤ .001) are bolded. Values for social distancing are unstandardized coefficients (B) and odds ratios. Values for linear regression are standardized coefficients (β). All continuous variables were centered before entry into the model. R2 values for logistic regression are Nagelkerke pseudo R2