Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings of COVID-19 patients on admission.
| Total | Patients without diabetes | Patients with diabetes | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 538) | (n = 492) | (n = 46) | ||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 47.00 (35.00-56.00) | 45.00 (33.00-56.00) | 55.50 (49.00-62.25) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 260 (48.33%) | 246 (50%) | 14 (30.43%) | 0.011 |
| Male | 278 (51.67%) | 246 (50%) | 32 (69.57%) | |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Direct bilirubin, umol/L | ||||
| <1 | 25 (4.65%) | 25 (5.08%) | 0 (0%) | 0.001 |
| 1-14 | 422 (78.44%) | 384 (78.05%) | 38 (82.61%) | |
| >14 | 6 (1.12%) | 3 (0.61%) | 3 (6.52%) | |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.10 (3.54-4.81) | 4.05 (3.53-4.77) | 4.51 (4.08-5.32) | 0.019 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.38 (0.95-2.05) | 1.35 (0.91-2.01) | 1.85 (1.40-2.64) | 0.002 |
| <0.24 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.054 |
| 0.24-1.86 | 219 (40.71%) | 206 (41.87%) | 13 (28.26%) | |
| >1.86 | 98 (18.22%) | 86 (17.48%) | 12 (26.09%) | |
| Creatinine, umol/L | ||||
| <53 | 124 (23.05%) | 113 (22.97%) | 11 (23.91%) | <0.0001 |
| 53-97 | 313 (58.18%) | 289 (58.74%) | 24 (52.17%) | |
| >97 | 16 (2.97%) | 10 (2.03%) | 6 (13.04%) | |
| Cystatin C, mg/L | 0.92 (0.80-1.11) | 0.91 (0.78-1.10) | 1.00 (0.89-1.15) | 0.041 |
| Na, mmol/L | 139.00 (137.00-141.00) | 139.00 (137.00-141.00) | 139.60 (138.00-141.50) | 0.041 |
| Cl, mmol/L | ||||
| <99 | 62 (11.52%) | 51 (10.37%) | 11 (23.91%) | 0.045 |
| 99-110 | 373 (69.33%) | 343 (69.72%) | 30 (65.22%) | |
| >110 | 3 (0.56%) | 3 (0.61%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Anion gap, mmol/L | 10.50 (8.85-12.20) | 10.20 (8.50-12.00) | 13.00 (9.40-16.30) | 0.011 |
| <10 | 45 (8.36%) | 42 (8.54%) | 3 (6.52%) | 0.011 |
| 10-14 | 57 (10.59%) | 52 (10.57%) | 5 (10.87%) | |
| >14 | 7 (1.3%) | 4 (0.81%) | 3 (6.52%) | |
Data are median (IQR), n (%), or n/N (%). p values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.