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. 2020 Oct 30;36(1):37–55. doi: 10.1007/s10654-020-00688-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Spline regression curves for the association between weight change and breast cancer risk, the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer, with reference 0 kg. Panel A shows the associations for overall premenopausal breast cancer (pre; p value, test for nonlinearity < 0.001), overall postmenopausal breast cancer among never users of hormone therapy (post never; p value, test for nonlinearity < 0.001), and overall postmenopausal breast cancer among ever users of hormone therapy (post ever; p value, test for nonlinearity = 0.279). Panel B shows the associations for premenopausal breast cancer subtypes defined by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. The p value, test for nonlinearity < 0.001 for ER+, 0.124 for ER−, < 0.001 for PR+, 0.222 for PR−, < 0.001 for ER+ PR+, 0.059 for ER+ PR−, and 0.402 for ER− PR− breast cancer. Panel C shows the associations for postmenopausal breast cancer subtypes defined by ER and PR status among never users of hormone therapy. The p value, test for nonlinearity < 0.001 for ER+, 0.630 for ER−, < 0.001 for PR+, 0.036 for PR−, 0.003 for ER+ PR+, < 0.001 for ER+ PR−, and 0.874 for ER− PR− breast cancer. Models were adjusted for the same factors as in Fig. 2