Table 1.
Characteristics at baseline and during follow-up for patients with bipolar disorder with different medication status in Sweden 2005–2013
| Lithiuma | Valproatea | Never treated with lithium/valproate | Total | Eligible for within-individual analysisc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of individuals (%) | 21,126 (41.0) | 8410 (15.9) | 25,758 (49.7) | 51,509 | 3285 (6.4) |
| Sex (% male) | 8469 (40.1) | 3609 (42.9) | 9001 (34.9) | 19,475 (37.8) | 1307 (39.8) |
| Characteristics at baseline | |||||
| Age distribution (N of individuals, %)b | |||||
| 15–51 | 11,355 (53.7) | 5115 (60.8) | 16,263 (63.1) | 30,808 (59.8) | 864 (26.3) |
| 51–64 | 5513 (26.1) | 1998 (23.8) | 4986 (19.4) | 11,494 (22.3) | 899 (27.4) |
| 64–75 | 2652 (12.6) | 887 (10.5) | 2498 (9.7) | 5496 (10.7) | 798 (24.3) |
| 75–100 | 1606 (7.6) | 410 (4.9) | 2011 (7.8) | 3711 (7.2) | 724 (22.0) |
| Respiratory infection (N of individuals, %) | |||||
| At least one respiratory infection event during follow-up | 1532 (7.3) | 722 (8.6) | 1463 (5.7) | 3389 (6.6) | 3285 (100) |
| Proportion of time exposed to lithium or valproate medications | 41.3 | 42.3 | – | 22.4 | 28.6 |
a3785 individuals were ever treated with both lithium and valproate (defined as at least 3 months treatment)
bAge band was categorized according to the quartiles of age distribution of individuals who ever have any respiratory infection at any time during follow-up
cIncludes individuals who ever had a respiratory infection during the follow-up; individuals without any of the outcome diagnoses during follow-up do not provide information