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. 2021 Jan 18;8:611938. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.611938

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Copyright © 2021 Doxaki and Palikaras.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. Several environmental and intracellular stimuli influence mitochondrial activity and integrity. The maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial population is essential for cellular metabolism and brain function. Thus, aged or defective organelles need either to be restored via mitochondrial quality control mechanisms, including (1) mitochondrial dynamics, (2) proteasome system, (3) mitochondrial derived vesicles (MDVs), and (4) mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), or (5) be degraded by mitophagy.