FIGURE 4.

Acacetin inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators in vivo. (A) Effects of acacetin on proinflammatory mediator gene expression in colon tissue of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice. The mRNA expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in colon samples were determined by qPCR. All expressions were normalized to β-actin. (B) Effects of acacetin on the inflammatory mediator protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and iNOS in colon tissue of DSS-treated mice. (C) Quantification of protein expression was performed by densitometric analysis of the blots. Expression was normalized to β-actin. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001 vs. the DSS group; ^#p < 0.05, ^###p < 0.001 vs. the vehicle group.