Table 2.
SIRT1 agonists and their respective roles in diabetic complications.
| Approaches | Diseases | Mechanisms regulated | Functions regulated | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resveratrol | DCM | SIRT1/FOXO1/Rab7 | Autophagy | Wang et al. (10) |
| DCM | Deacetylation of NF-κB-p65 and histone H3 | Oxidative stress | Bagul et al. (11) | |
| DCM | SIRT1/PGC‐1α | Mitochondrial function | Fang et al. (12) | |
| DN | SIRT1/PGC‐1α | Mitochondrial oxidative stress | Zhang et al. (79) | |
| DN | SIRT1/p53 | Apoptosis | Wang et al. (9) | |
| DR | SIRT1/MMP-9 | Mitochondria damage | Kowluru et al. (86) | |
| SRT1460 | Diet-induced obesity mice, Lepob/ob mice and male fatty Zucker rats | SIRT1 | Insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis | Milne et al. (98) |
| SRT1720 | Diet-induced obesity mice, Lepob/ob mice and male fatty Zucker rats | SIRT1 | Insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis | Milne et al. (98) |
| SRT2183 | Diet-induced obesity mice, Lepob/ob mice and male fatty Zucker rats | SIRT1 | Insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis | Milne et al. (98) |
| Melatonin | DCM | SIRT1/PGC1-α | Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission | Ding et al. (37) |
| DR | LncRNA MEG3/miR‐204/SIRT1 | Inflammation | Tu et al. (97) | |
| Salidroside | DN | SIRT1/PGC1-α | Mitochondrial biogenesis | Xue et al. (80) |
| Puerarin | DN | SIRT1/NOX4 | Oxidative stress | Li et al. (81) |
| Tangshen formula | DN | SIRT1/NF−κB | Inflammation | Du et al. (82) |
| Astragaloside IV | DN | SIRT1/NF−κB-p65 | Autophagy | Wang et al. (83) |
| Astragalus polysaccharide | DR | miR-204/SIRT1 | ER stress and apoptosis | Peng et al. (96) |
| Metformin | DN | SIRT1/FOXO1 | Autophagy | Xu et al. (84) |
| ALDH2 | DR | SIRT1/Nrf2 | Oxidative stress | He et al. (101) |
| 1,25(OH)2D3 | DCM | PARP1/SIRT1/mTOR | Cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy and fibrosis | Qu et al. (40) |
SIRT1, Sirtuin 1; ALDH2, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2; 1,25(OH)2D3, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3; DCM, diabetic cardiomyopathy; DN, diabetic nephropathy; DR, diabetic retinopathy; Lepob/ob, genetically obese mice; FOXO1, forkhead box O 1; Rab7, Ras-related protein Rab-7a; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha; p53, tumor protein 53; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; LncRNA MEG3, long non-coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3; miR, microRNA; NOX4, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; PARP1, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; Drp1, dynamin-related protein 1; ER, endoplasmic reticulum.