FIGURE 1.

Heatmap of the relative metabolite concentrations for the metabolites significantly associated with (A) time during the oral glucose test (OGT) and (B) area under the insulin curve over time (AUC_ins). Each column of the heatmap represents a sample and each row a metabolite. In A, the samples are grouped by time point, whereas in B they are ordered by AUC_ins in ascending order. Metabolite names are displayed on the right side with associated fold change and adjusted P‐values. In the case of numeric predictors like “Time” or “AUC_ins,” the log₂ fold change (logFC) given by the “limma” package represents the slope of the regression line. For each unit of the predictor (eg, time in minutes), the log₂‐transformed normalized metabolite concentrations thus increase by log₂ FC. Note that all lysophosphatidylcholines decreased over time—as on average the colored tiles are darker at 0 than 180 minutes—whereas phosphatidylcholines increased. The associations between metabolites and AUC_ins were less apparent, because there was more individual variability