Table 2.
Total and controlled direct effects of education on death or first onset of hypertensiona.
| Unsecured debt over wealth as mediator |
Unsecured debt over income as mediator |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | |
| TE | 1.25 (1.13–1.39) | 2.02 (1.04, 3.00) | 1.25 (1.13–1.39) | 2.02 (1.04, 3.00) |
| Education → Mediatorsb | – | 256,771 (205,963–307,001) | – | 40,495 (35,747–45,243) |
| Mediators → Outcomec | 2 Vs 1: 1.26 (0.82–1.93) | 2 Vs 1: 1.85 (−1.15, 4.84) | 2 Vs 1: 1.19 (0.75–1.90) | 2 Vs 1: 1.12 (−2.36, 4.62) |
| 3 Vs 1: 1.24 (0.76–2.00) | 3 Vs 1: 1.68 (−1.96, 5.31) | 3 Vs 1: 0.98 (0.63–1.51) | 3 Vs 1: 0.18 (−3.40, 3.04) | |
| 4 Vs 1: 1.29 (0.82–2.04) | 4 Vs 1: 1.92 (−1.44, 5.29) | 4 Vs 1: 1.11 (0.70–1.75) | 4 Vs 1: 0.91 (−2.58, 4.40) | |
| 5 Vs 1: 1.54 (0.96–2.48) | 5 Vs 1: 3.85 (−0.02, 7.72) | 5 Vs 1: 1.20 (0.75–1.91) | 5 Vs 1: 1.47 (−2.16, 5.11) | |
| CDE | 1.07 (0.89–1.28) | 0.57 (−1.10, 2.25) | 1.11 (0.93–1.33) | 0.90 (−0.62, 2.41) |
TE = Total effects; CDE= Controlled direct effects using truncated weights (1st and 99th percentiles); RR = relative risks, and RD = difference in percentage points.
a
Rubin's rule was used to combine estimates across imputed datasets.
b
Risk differences were obtained through a linear model using total effect weights witTE, with high school or greater education as the reference.
c
Results were obtained through a log-binomial regression with CDE weights witCDE. Mediators were split in quintiles, and the lowest quintile (least indebted) was the reference.