Table 5.
Total and controlled direct effects of education on death or first onset of psychiatric problemsa.
| Unsecured debt over wealth as mediator |
Unsecured debt over income as mediator |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | |
| TE | 1.39 (1.24–1.56) | 1.59 (0.98–2.20) | 1.39 (1.24–1.56) | 1.59 (0.98–2.20) |
| Education → Mediatorsb | – | 281,213 (234,623–327,803) | – | 39,437 (34,998–43,876) |
| Mediators → Outcomec | 2 Vs 1: 1.29 (0.74–2.26) | 2 Vs 1: 1.14 (−1.20, 3.48) | 2 Vs 1: 0.68 (0.35–1.29) | 2 Vs 1: 1.75 (−4.77, 2.27) |
| 3 Vs 1: 1.09 (0.62–1.90) | 3 Vs 1: 0.26 (−2.01, 2.52) | 3 Vs 1: 0.75 (0.40–1.40) | 3 Vs 1: 1.39 (−4.38, 1.60) | |
| 4 Vs 1: 1.17 (0.67–2.05) | 4 Vs 1: 0.60 (−1.72, 2.91) | 4 Vs 1: 1.01 (0.54–1.91) | 4 Vs 1: 0.15 (−3.04, 3.33) | |
| 5 Vs 1: 1.45 (0.82–2.57) | 5 Vs 1: 1.78 (−0.76, 4.33) | 5 Vs 1: 0.99 (0.54–1.81) | 5 Vs 1: 0.20 (−3.21, 2.81) | |
| CDE | 1.24 (0.98–1.57) | 1.12 (−0.10, 2.33) | 1.23 (1.01–1.50) | 0.89 (−0.05, 1.84) |
TE = Total effects; CDE= Controlled direct effects using truncated weights (1st and 99th percentiles); RR = relative risks, and RD = difference in percentage points.
a
Rubin's rule was used to combine estimates across imputed datasets.
b
Risk differences were obtained through a linear model using total effect weights witTE, with high school or greater education as the reference.
c
Results were obtained through a log-binomial regression with CDE weights witCDE. Mediators were split in quintiles, and the lowest quintile (least indebted) was the reference.