Table 2.
Crude (unadjusted) birth outcomes and infant outcomes within 12 months of postnatal discharge according to psychosocial risk factors
|
Birth outcomes |
Infant outcomes within 12 months of postnatal discharge |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All birth outcomes | Mean birthweight (g) | Low birthweight (<2500 g) | Preterm birth (<37 weeks) | Small for gestation* | Large for gestation* | All infant outcomes within 12 months of postnatal discharge | One or more unplanned admissions for injury | Post-discharge mortality (deaths per 10 000 infants) | |
| Total | 2 137 103 (100·0%) | 3374 (3373–3375) | 5·6% (5·5–5·6%) | 6·4% (6·4–6·4%) | 7·1% (7·1–7·2%) | 10·5% (10·5–10·6%) | 2 129 227 (99·6%) | 3·6% (3·6–3·7%) | 8·4 (8·1–8·8) |
| Teenage motherhood | 93 279 (4·4%) | 3272 (3269–3276) | 7·2% (7·0–7·4%) | 7·4% (7·2–7·6%) | 10·1% (9·9–10·3%) | 6·6% (6·4–6·8%) | 92 474 (4·3%) | 6·6% (6·5–6·8%) | 18·1 (15·4–21·0) |
| Previous teenage motherhood | 168 186 (7·9%) | 3338 (3335–3340) | 6·5% (6·3–6·6%) | 7·5% (7·5–7·7%) | 7·1% (7·0–7·3%) | 10·2% (10·1–10·4%) | 166 724 (7·8%) | 5·4% (5·3–5·6%) | 14·8 (13·0–16·8) |
| History of adversity | 58 107 (2·7%) | 3274 (3269–3279) | 9·0% (8·7–9·2%) | 9·5% (9·2–9·7%) | 9·1% (8·9–9·3%) | 10·1% (9·9–10·4%) | 56 944 (2·7%) | 5·9% (5·7–6·1%) | 17·2 (14·0–21·0) |
| History of mental health or behavioural conditions | 51 312 (2·4%) | 3237 (3231–3242) | 10·0% (9·7–10·2%) | 10·9% (10·6–11·2%) | 9·2% (8·9–9·4%) | 10·2% (9·9–10·4%) | 50 166 (2·4%) | 6·0% (5·8–6·2%) | 18·7 (15·1–22·9) |
| Most deprivation† | 580 631 (27·2%) | 3304 (3302–3305) | 9·6% (9·3–9·9%) | 7·2% (7·1–7·2%) | 9·1% (9·1–9·2%) | 9·2% (9·1–9·3%) | 577 357 (27·1%) | 4·2% (4·2–4·3%) | 12·4 (11·5–13·3) |
| No risk factors | 1 377 706 (64·5%) | 3408 (3406–3409) | 4·8% (4·7–4·8%) | 5·9% (5·9–5·9%) | 6·3% (6·3–6·4%) | 11·1% (11·1–11·2%) | 1 374 650 (64·6%) | 3·2% (3·1–3·2%) | 6·2 (5·8–6·7) |
Data are n (%), mean (95% CI), % (95% CI), or n per 100 000 infants (95% CI). Psychosocial risk factors were identified in the 2 years before 20 weeks of pregnancy.
*
Small (<10th percentile of birthweight for gestation) or large (>90th percentile of birthweight for gestation) for gestation, derived from national birthweight percentiles.
†
Most deprived quintile of the Index of Multiple Deprivation.