Table 3. Hospitalised Bordetella pertussis cases aged < 1 year by ICU admission, clinical presentation, comorbidities and risk/protective factors, PERTINENT study, Europe, 1 December 2015–31 December 2018 (n = 330 casesa).
| Characteristic | Admitted to the ICU (n = 83) |
Not admitted to the ICU (n = 247) |
p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | |||
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Cough (n = 330) | Yes | 83 | 100.0 | 238 | 96.4 | 0.119 |
| No | 0 | 0.0 | 9 | 3.6 | ||
| Paroxysms among those with cough (n = 321) | Yes | 73 | 88.0 | 203 | 85.3 | 0.714 |
| No | 10 | 12.0 | 35 | 14.7 | ||
| Whoop (n = 252) | Yes | 17 | 43.6 | 101 | 47.4 | 0.728 |
| No | 22 | 56.4 | 112 | 52.6 | ||
| Post-tussive vomiting (n = 320) | Yes | 45 | 54.2 | 110 | 46.4 | 0.251 |
| No | 38 | 45.8 | 127 | 53.6 | ||
| Apnoea (n = 328) | Yes | 55 | 66.3 | 128 | 52.2 | 0.030 |
| No | 28 | 33.7 | 117 | 47.8 | ||
| Cyanosis (n = 329) | Yes | 59 | 71.1 | 106 | 43.1 | 0.000 |
| No | 24 | 28.9 | 140 | 56.9 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Cardiovascular (n = 330) | Yes | 4 | 4.8 | 6 | 2.4 | 0.278 |
| No | 79 | 95.2 | 241 | 97.6 | ||
| Respiratory (n = 330) | Yes | 2 | 2.4 | 4 | 1.6 | 0.644 |
| No | 81 | 97.6 | 243 | 98.4 | ||
| Immunodeficiencies (n = 129) | Yes | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | NA |
| No | 57 | 100.0 | 72 | 100.0 | ||
| Risk/protective factors | ||||||
| Breastfeeding (n = 327) | Yes | 50 | 62.5 | 166 | 67.2 | 0.497 |
| No | 30 | 37.5 | 81 | 32.8 | ||
| Premature 37 weeks (n = 329) | Yes | 21 | 25.6 | 26 | 10.5 | 0.002 |
| No | 61 | 74.4 | 221 | 89.5 | ||
ICU: intensive care unit; PERTINENT: Pertussis in Infants European Network.
a 330 cases of 469 had information on ICU or non-ICU admission.
Numbers of cases with available information are presented.