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Microbes release various molecules that promote cross-feeding. Microbially produced extracellular molecules such as quorum sensing signals, exoenzymes, siderophores, toxins, metabolites (e.g., sugars, organic acids, amino acids, etc.), biofilm matrix, nanowires, extracellular vesicles, and nanotubes can be consumed by neighboring microbes or can influence cross-feeding between cells.
