Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Board Fam Med. 2020 Nov-Dec;33(6):953–968. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.190402

Table 3a:

Multivariate logistic regression models of associations between patient characteristics and use of patient portals functionalities in the 2017-2018 Health Information National Trends Survey 5, cycles 1 and 2, U.S.

View results± Message healthcare provider Make appointment± Refill medication Complete forms
aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI) aOR (95% CI)
Gender (ref: men)
Women 1.1 (0.6-2.0) 0.9 (0.7-1.2) 0.8 (0.5-1.2) 0.9 (0.7-1.2) 1.0 (0.8-1.4)
Age (ref: 18-39 years)
40-59 years 1.3 (0.7-2.3) 0.8 (0.5-1.1) 0.9 (0.5-1.5) 1.1 (0.7-1.7) 1.0 (0.7-1.6)
≥60 years 0.7 (0.4-1.4) 0.7 (0.5-0.9) 0.8 (0.4-1.3) 1.7 (1.1-2.5) 0.8 (0.5-1.0)
Race/ethnicity (ref: White)
Latino 0.5 (0.3-1.0) 0.8 (0.5-1.2) 1.0 (0.5-2.1) 0.9 (0.7-1.4) 0.9 (0.6-1.5)
Black 0.8 (0.4-1.8) 1.0 (0.7-1.6) 1.6 (0.8-3.0) 1.0 (0.7-1.7) 0.7 (0.4-1.0)
Other* 0.8 (0.3-1.9) 0.7 (0.4-1.3) 1.5 (0.8-2.5) 1.2 (0.7-1.9) 0.7 (0.4-1.0)
Education (ref: college/post grad)
<High school 1.7 (0.4-6.5) 1.0 (0.3-2.9) 0.2 (0.04-1.0) 1.7 (0.6-5.0) 0.3 (0.1-0.9)
High school grad 0.9 (0.3-2.7) 1.0 (0.7-1.5) 1.1 (0.6-2.1) 0.9 (0.7-1.4) 0.6 (0.4-0.8)
Vocational, some college 1.1 (0.6-2.1) 1.0 (0.8-1.4) 0.9 (0.6-1.4) 1.0 (0.7-1.4) 0.7 (0.5-0.9)
Marital status (ref: married)
Single 0.8 (0.4-1.7) 1.3 (0.9-2.0) 1.4 (0.8-2.5) 1.3 (0.9-1.9) 1.3 (0.9-1.9)
Separated, widowed 0.9 (0.4-1.8) 0.9 (0.6-1.3) 0.9 (0.6-1.6) 0.9 (0.7-1.3) 0.9 (0.7-1.3)
Speak English (ref: very well)
Well, not well, not at all 0.8 (0.3-1.8) 0.8 (0.4-1.3) 1.4 (0.6-3.3) 0.5 (0.3-0.9) 0.7 (0.3-1.3)
Health insurance (ref: yes)
No 0.6 (0.1-5.7) 0.9 (0.4-2.5) 0.9 (0.2-4.5) 0.6 (0.2-1.9) 0.6 (0.1-2.2)
Regular provider (ref: yes)
No 0.8 (0.4-1.6) 0.7 (0.5-0.9) 1.0 (0.6-1.9) 0.8 (0.5-1.2) 0.8 (0.6-1.1)
General health (ref: excellent/good)
Fair/poor 1.1 (0.5-2.7) 1.3 (0.8-1.9) 1.1 (0.7-1.9) 1.6 (1.1-2.3) 1.4 (0.9-2.1)
Census region (ref: Northeast)
Midwest 0.7 (0.3-1.7) 1.0 (0.7-1.6) 0.9 (0.5-1.8) 0.7 (0.5-1.1) 1.2 (0.7-2.1)
South 1.2 (0.6-2.3) 1.0 (0.8-1.5) 1.5 (0.8-2.9) 0.9 (0.7-1.4) 1.8 (1.2-2.7)
West 2.8 (1.3-6.3) 2.5 (1.7-3.9) 3.5 (1.8-6.8) 1.5 (0.9-2.2) 1.6 (1.0-2.5)
Rural/ Urban designation (ref: metro)
Urban 1.0 (0.4-2.6) 0.9 (0.6-1.7) 1.3 (0.7-2.5) 1.0 (0.7-1.6) 0.7 (0.4-1.2)
Rural 1.9 (0.1-54.8) 0.8 (0.3-2.6) 2.4 (0.5-12.4) 1.8 (0.5-6.4) 1.4 (0.4-4.6)