TABLE 4.

Antimalarial activity of chalcones.

Chalcones	Source	Method	Type of study	Parasite	Effects	Ref
Bartericin A1	Natural	Culture W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 2.15 ± 0.02 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Bartericin B2	Natural	Culture W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 19.27 ± 0.06 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Stipulin 3, 4	Natural	Culture W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 5.13 ± 0.04 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Hydroxylonchocarpin 4	Natural	Culture against the W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 3.36 ± 0.07 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Isobavachalcone 5	Natural	Culture against the W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 19.00 ± 0.02 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Kanzonol B	Natural	Culture against the W2 strain of P. falciparum	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 9.63 ± 0.04 μM	(Ngameni et al., 2007)
Cajachalcone	Natural	The bioassay-guided fractionation of methanol extract of C. cajan leaves	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 2.0 µg/mL	(Ajaiyeoba et al., 2013)
Xanthohumol and seven derivatives	Semi -Synthetic	—	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 8.4 ± 0.3 μM (poW) IC50 = 24.0 ± 0.7 μM (Dd2)	(Frölich et al., 2009)
Sulfonamide chalcone derivatives	Synthetic	Culture of P. falciparum parasites	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 > 10 μM	(Domínguez et al., 2005)
Sulfonamide chalcone derivatives	Synthetic	b-hematin formation	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 0.48 μM	(Domínguez et al., 2005)
Quinolinyl chalcones derivatives	Synthetic	Culture of P. falciparum parasites	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 19.0 μM	(Domínguez et al., 2001)
Hlorovinyl sulfone-like chalcone derivatives	Synthetic	Claisen–Schmidt condensation	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 0.025–10 mM	(Dominguez et al., 2009)
Phenylurenyl chalcone	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 1.76 μM	(Domínguez et al., 2005)
-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-(4-quinolinyl)-2-propen-1-one	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 200 nM	(Li et al., 1995)
Chloroquinoline	Synthetic	Claisen–Schmidt condensation	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 31.54 mM	(Hayat et al., 2011)
1-(4-Benzimidazol-1-yl-phenyl)-3-(2, 4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-propen-1-one	Synthetic	Claisen–Schmidt condensation	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 1.1 μg/ml	(Yadav et al., 2012)
Licochalcone	Synthetic	—	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 1.43 μg/ml	(Yadav et al., 2012)
Acridinyl chalcone derivatives (1a–k)	Synthetic	Noncatalyzed nucleophilic aromatic	In vitro	p falciparum	IC50 = 2 mg/ml	(Tomar et al., 2010)
Chalcone-AZT hybrid series 7 and 9Acetylenic chalcones (1a–c, 2a–e) Chalcone-chloroquinoline hybrid compounds (8 and 10)	Synthetic -	—	In vitro	p falciparum	Compound 8b was the most active, submicromolar IC50 values against the D10, Dd2 and W2 strains of P. falciparum.	(Guantai et al., 2010)
Alkoxylated Chalcones	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 6.5 mM	(Nowakowska, 2007)
4-Chloro-20,40-dihydroxychalcone	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 12.3 mM	(Nowakowska, 2007)
Hydroxylated chalcones	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 20 mM	(Nowakowska, 2007)
Phenylurenyl chalcone derivatives	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 1.75–10 mM	(Nowakowska, 2007)
Xanthohumol	Synthetic	-	In vitro	P. falciparum	IC50 = 8.2 mM IC50 = 24 mM	(Nowakowska, 2007)