Fig. 1.

Overview of strategies to decrease NAD+ levels in gliomas. NAD+ levels can be reduced by inhibition of the NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme NAPRT or the NAD+ salvage enzyme NAMPT, and by activation of NAD+ consuming enzymes such as PARPs (eg, after TMZ treatment) and SIRTs (eg, by SIRT1 activators). Abbreviations: NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NAPRT, nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase; NAMPT, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase; NAMPTi, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor; TMZ, temozolomide; PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP); SIRT, sirtuin.