Table 3.
Risks of adverse events after ICH and ischaemic stroke associated with RA and SLE
| Adverse outcomes | Controls | Patients with autoimmune diseases | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RA patients | SLE patients | ||
| ICH | |||
| In-hospital mortality (%) | 21 460 (12.7) | 83 (20.2) | 96 (32.9) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.74 (1.37, 2.22) | 3.37 (2.64, 4.30) |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 | 1.61 (1.26, 2.06) | 3.00 (2.33, 3.86) |
| Overall mortality (%) | 96 850 (57.3) | 281 (68.5) | 207 (70.9) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.49 (1.32, 1.67) | 1.72 (1.50, 1.97) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | 1.00 | 1.36 (1.21, 1.53) | 2.27 (1.98, 2.61) |
| Recurrent cerebrovascular events (%) | 49 283 (29.2) | 100 (24.4) | 59 (20.2) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.80, 1.18) | 0.96 (0.74, 1.23) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.82, 1.21) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) |
| Ischaemic stroke | |||
| In-hospital mortality (%) | 16 055 (3.3) | 78 (5.5) | 40 (6.4) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.70 (1.35, 2.13) | 2.00 (1.45, 2.76) |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 | 1.45 (1.15, 1.83) | 2.18 (1.57, 3.02) |
| Overall mortality (%) | 235 220 (48.5) | 781 (55.0) | 268 (43.1) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.38 (1.29, 1.48) | 0.95 (0.84, 1.07) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | 1.00 | 1.35 (1.26, 1.45) | 2.20 (1.95, 2.48) |
| Recurrent cerebrovascular events (%) | 164 049 (33.8) | 451 (31.8) | 196 (31.5) |
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.08 (0.98, 1.18) | 0.95 (0.82, 1.09) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)b | 1.00 | 1.10 (1.002, 1.21) | 1.31 (1.14, 1.51) |
Based on the multiple logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, medical comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, peripheral artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, atrial fibrillation and gout) and hospital levels.
Based on the Cox proportional hazards regression model with adjustment for age, sex, medical comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, peripheral artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, atrial fibrillation and gout) and hospital levels. ICH: intracranial haemorrhage; OR: odds ratio; HR: hazard ratio.