TABLE 4.
Study design, duration, and lower-body power or strength performance measurement in healthy subjects in systematic reviews1
| First author (ref) | Study design | Duration, d | Performance measure | Performance outcome2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fleming et al. (17) | Parallel NRCT | 42 | Power, Wingate (30 s) | ↓ |
| Greene et al. (26) | Crossover RCT | 84 | Olympic lift (1 RM) | ↔ |
| Kephart et al. (35) | Parallel NRCT | 84 | Back squat (1 RM) | ↔ |
| Power clean (1 RM) | ↔ | |||
| LaFountain et al. (36) | Parallel NRCT | 84 | Squat (1 RM) | ↔ |
| Vertical jump (W/body mass) | ↔ | |||
| Sprint intervals (W) | ↔ | |||
| Bench press (1 RM) | ↔ | |||
| McSwiney et al. (18) | Parallel NRCT | 84 | Power, cycle ergometer, SS sprint | ↑ |
| Power, cycle ergometer, CPT | ↑ | |||
| Vargas-Molina et al. (34) | Parallel RCT | 56 | Vertical jump (cm) | ↔ |
| Back squat (1 RM) | ↓ | |||
| Bench press (1 RM) | ↓ | |||
| Wilson et al. (32) | Parallel RCT | 70 | Back squat (1 RM) | ↔ |
| Wingate (W) | ↔ | |||
| Bench press (1 RM) | ↔ |
1
CON, mixed macronutrient control diet; CPT, critical power test; KD, ketogenic diet; NRCT, nonrandomized controlled trial; RCT, randomized controlled trial; ref, reference; RM, repetition maximum; SS, 6 second; W, Watts.
2
Physical performance significantly lower (↓), higher (↑), or not different (↔) following a KD compared with CON.