Table 2.

Characteristics of Clinic-Examination Study Sample (n = 3,016), the Gulf Long-Term Follow-up Study, 2014–2016

Characteristic	Level (Percentiles)
	1/2 (1st–49th)		3 (50th–74th)		4 (75th–100th)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Age at clinic examination, yearsa	52 (13)		49 (13)		46 (12)
No. of patients	811	27	1,034	34	1,171	39
Sex
Male	636	78	801	77	863	74
Female	175	22	233	23	308	26
Race
White	602	74	631	61	326	28
Black	133	16	302	29	761	65
Other	76	9	101	10	84	7
Ethnicity
Hispanic	19	2	24	2	28	2
Non-Hispanic	792	98	1,010	98	1,143	98
Smoking status
Heavy current smoker	71	9	141	14	115	10
Light current smoker	137	17	229	22	291	25
Former smoker	233	29	226	22	234	20
Never smoker	370	46	438	42	531	45
Drinking status
Current drinker	620	76	726	70	802	68
Former drinker	144	18	243	24	265	23
Never drinker	47	6	65	6	104	9
Education
High school equivalent	99	12	236	23	294	25
High school diploma/GED	229	28	366	35	455	39
Some college/2-year degree	253	31	292	28	357	30
≥4-year college graduate	230	28	140	14	65	6
Employment
Working now	495	61	551	53	537	46
Looking for work/unemployed	145	18	259	25	418	36
Other	171	21	224	22	216	18
Household income, USD
<20,000	180	22	381	37	624	53
20,000–49,000	289	36	335	32	380	32
≥50,000	342	42	318	31	167	14
Weight categoriesb
Normal	151	19	210	21	267	24
Overweight	249	32	281	29	289	26
Obese	379	49	489	50	568	51
Waist-to-hip ratioc
Normal	186	23	237	23	333	28
Centrally obese	625	77	797	77	838	72
Diabetes status
Normal (HbA1C <5.7%)	579	71	677	65	714	61
Prediabetic only (HbA1C ≥5.7% but <6.5%)	140	17	195	19	276	24
Diabetic (diagnosed, taking medications, or HbA1C ≥6.5%)	92	11	162	16	181	15

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; GED, General Education Development test; HbA1C, hemoglobin A1C.

^a Values are expressed as mean (standard deviation).

^b BMI was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)² and categorized as follows: normal, <25.0; overweight, 25.0–29.9; obese, ≥30.0.

^c Categories: normal, ratio ≤0.85 for women, ≤0.90 for men; centrally obese, ratio >0.85 for women, >0.90 for men.