TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of FHS and NHANES participants1
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | FHS Offspring2 | FHS Gen32 | NHANES 2003–043 | NHANES 2005–063 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 1847 | 2548 | 1625 | 1347 |
| Age, y | 60.3 ± 9.45 | 46.6 ± 8.67 | 46.2 ± 0.61 | 43.7 ± 0.55 |
| Sex, female | 1154 (62.5) | 1408 (55.3) | 50 (0.8) | 49 (1.3) |
| Current smoker | 212 (11.5) | 230 (9.0) | 27 (1.4) | 31 (2.1) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Never married | 101 (5.5) | 351 (13.8) | 24 (2.3) | 26 (1.4) |
| Married | 1396 (75.6) | 1885 (74.0) | 60 (2.5) | 58 (1.5) |
| Divorced, separated, widowed | 350 (19.0) | 312 (12.2) | 17 (1.5) | 15 (0.8) |
| Education | ||||
| High school or less | 640 (34.7) | 357 (14.0) | 44 (1.8) | 41 (2.5) |
| Some college | 608 (32.9) | 744 (29.2) | 33 (1.8) | 33 (1.6) |
| Bachelor's degree or higher | 334 (18.1) | 917 (36.0) | 24 (2.0) | 26 (3.1) |
| Graduate or professional degree | 265 (14.4) | 530 (20.8) | — | — |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1847 (100) | 2540 (99.7) | 74 (3.7) | 71 (2.6) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | — | 1 (0.04) | 10 (1.88) | 11 (1.54) |
| Mexican-American | — | — | 8 (2.16) | 9 (1.20) |
| Other Hispanic | — | — | 3 (1.03) | 4 (1.17) |
| Other race/ethnicity | — | 7 (0.3) | 4 (0.7) | 6 (1.0) |
| Height, m | 1.66 ± 0.09 | 1.70 ± 0.09 | 1.70 ± 0.003 | 1.70 ± 0.003 |
| Weight, kg | 72.9 ± 12.6 | 80.3 ± 18.4 | 81.1 ± 0.45 | 81.7 ± 0.61 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.3 ± 3.63 | 27.8 ± 5.44 | 28.0 ± 0.14 | 28.3 ± 0.21 |
| BMI category, kg/m2 | ||||
| <18.5 | 12 (0.7) | 23 (0.9) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.5) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 666 (36.1) | 842 (33.1) | 32 (1.5) | 32 (1.7) |
| 25–29.9 | 908 (49.2) | 943 (37.0) | 35 (1.8) | 32 (1.5) |
| 30–34.9 | 227 (12.3) | 482 (18.9) | 20 (1.0) | 19 (1.5) |
| 35–39.9 | 29 (1.6) | 171 (6.7) | 7 (0.6) | 9 (1.0) |
| ≥40 | 5 (0.3) | 87 (3.4) | 4 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) |
| Fat mass,4 kg | 26.4 ± 8.23 | 27.1 ± 11.2 | 28.2 ± 0.31 | 28.0 ± 0.32 |
| Fat mass,4 % | 36.2 ± 9.24 | 33.1 ± 9.00 | 34.4 ± 0.25 | 33.7 ± 0.25 |
| Lean mass,4 kg | 43.4 ± 10.3 | 48.9 ± 11.3 | 51.1 ± 0.29 | 51.9 ± 0.40 |
| Lean mass,4 % | 59.6 ± 9.28 | 61.6 ± 9.16 | 63.3 ± 0.23 | 64.1 ± 0.24 |
| Fat-free weight,4 kg | 46.5 ± 10.9 | 53.2 ± 12.1 | 52.9 ± 0.30 | 53.7 ± 0.41 |
| Ideal weight,5 kg | 59.3 ± 7.65 | 62.0 ± 7.91 | 62.4 ± 0.25 | 62.4 ± 0.27 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 94.3 ± 10.9 | 96.1 ± 14.4 | 97.1 ± 0.37 | 96.6 ± 0.61 |
| Cholesterol,6 mg/dL | 204 ± 35.9 | 186 ± 33.5 | 199 ± 1.43 | 199 ± 1.91 |
| HDL cholesterol,6 mg/dL | 55.7 ± 16.9 | 59.8 ± 17.6 | 53.8 ± 0.65 | 55.4 ± 0.40 |
| Triglycerides,6 mg/dL | 124 ± 63.5 | 107 ± 57.7 | 147 ± 5.59 | 141 ± 4.31 |
| Plasma glucose, mg/dL | 99.1 ± 19.6 | 95.5 ± 15.7 | 99.9 ± 1.04 | 102 ± 1.07 |
| SBP, mmHg | 126 ± 18.9 | 116 ± 13.9 | 121 ± 0.62 | 120 ± 0.63 |
| DBP, mmHg | 73.8 ± 9.32 | 74.0 ± 9.30 | 70.8 ± 0.46 | 70.5 ± 0.46 |
| eGFR, mL min−1 1.73 m−2 | 84.0 ± 19.8 | 96.8 ± 13.9 | 94.2 ± 1.12 | 94.0 ± 0.87 |
| Treatment for diabetes | 64 (3.5) | 64 (2.5) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) |
| Treatment for hypertension | 500 (27.1) | 423 (16.6) | 23 (1.8) | 21 (1.5) |
| Treatment for dyslipidemia | 301 (16.3) | 418 (16.4) | 18 (1.4) | 14 (1.5) |
| Treatment for CVD | 623 (33.7) | 70 (2.8) | 8 (1.0) | 7 (1.1) |
Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; Gen3, FHS Third Generation cohort; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
In FHS, data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous characteristics and n (%) for categorical characteristics.
In NHANES, data are presented as weighted mean ± SEM for continuous characteristics and % (standard error of percent [SEP]) for categorical characteristics, using methods accounting for complex survey design.
Lean and fat-free body weight compartments were derived from DXA measures. In NHANES, these were additionally derived from multiply imputed DXA estimates.
Ideal body weight as weight for actual height corresponding to a BMI of 22 kg/m2 in men and 21 kg/m2 in women.
Lipids were measured in plasma in FHS and in serum in NHANES.