Table 2. Results from negative binomial model (NBM) regression method.
Part D a,b | Walk | Bicycle | Motorcycle | Car alone | Car shared |
Male | Female | -.068 ± .025** | -.050 ± .025* | -.048 ± .025ns | .020 ± .026ns | .012 ± .024ns |
Education 1 | 6 | .269 ± .300ns | .459 ± .300ns | .384 ± .302ns | .399 ± .312ns | .114 ± .298ns |
Education 2 | 6 | .203 ± .120ns | .346 ± .120** | .291 ± .121* | .556 ± .121*** | .050 ± .118ns |
Education 3 | 6 | .129 ± .052* | .088 ± .053ns | .065 ± .053ns | .130 ± .055* | .048 ± .050ns |
Education 4 | 6 | .058 ± .043ns | .043 ± .044ns | .064 ± .044ns | .122 ± .046** | .015 ± .042ns |
Education 5 | 6 | .020 ± .044ns | .043 ± .045ns | .042 ± .046ns | .074 ± .047ns | .049 ± .043ns |
Age | -.005 ± .001*** | -.005 ± .001*** | -.005 ± .001*** | -.006 ± .001*** | -.004 ± .001** |
Gini | .008 ± .002*** | .010 ± .002*** | .013 ± .002*** | .013 ± .002*** | .004 ± .002** |
Deaths | -.005 ± .001*** | -.004 ± .001*** | -.005 ± .001*** | -.005 ± .001*** | -.003 ± .001** |
Density | .000 ± .0001** | .000 ± .0001*** | .001 ± .0001*** | .001 ± .0001*** | .000 ± .0001ns |
WFH | -.008 ± .003** | -.011 ± .003*** | -.019 ± .001*** | -.009 ± .003** | -.019 ± .003*** |
Bus | Metro/Tram | Train | Airplane | ||
Male | Female | -.038 ± .023ns | -.040 ± .027ns | -.040 ± .025ns | -.036 ± .024ns | |
Education 1 | 6 | -.211 ± .298ns | -.284 ± .340ns | -.138 ± .307ns | -.180 ± .308ns | |
Education 2 | 6 | -.232 ± .117* | -.271 ± .125* | -.152 ± .119ns | -.198 ± .119ns | |
Education 3 | 6 | -.016 ± .049ns | -.068 ± .056ns | -.023 ± .051ns | -.020 ± .050ns | |
Education 4 | 6 | -.033 ± .040ns | -.059 ± .046ns | -.046 ± .043ns | -.036 ± .042ns | |
Education 5 | 6 | -.010 ± .041ns | -.018 ± .047ns | -.008 ± .044ns | .002 ± .043ns | |
Age | -.002 ± .001ns | -.001 ± .001ns | -.001 ± .001ns | .000 ± .001ns | |
Gini | .006 ± .002*** | .005 ± .002** | .007 ± .002*** | .004 ± .002** | |
Deaths | .000 ± .001ns | .002 ± .001* | .001 ± .001ns | .001 ± .001ns | |
Density | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | |
WFH | -.008 ± .003** | .001 ± .003ns | -.003 ± .003ns | .004 ± .003ns | |
Part E a b | Walk | Bicycle | Motorcycle | Car alone | Car shared |
Male | Female | -.033 ± .026ns | -.046 ± .027ns | -.042 ± .027ns | -.035 ± .026ns | -.001 ± .026ns |
Education 1 | 6 | -.093 ± .303ns | .125 ± .321ns | -.225 ± .346ns | .095 ± .309ns | -.048 ± .323ns |
Education 2 | 6 | .066 ± .120ns | .061 ± .121ns | .124 ± .120ns | .028 ± .123ns | .003 ± .120ns |
Education 3 | 6 | .037 ± .055ns | .023 ± .055ns | .014 ± .056ns | .017 ± .056ns | .033 ± .054ns |
Education 4 | 6 | -.017 ± .046ns | -.010 ± .047ns | -.007 ± .047ns | -.004 ± .047ns | -.018 ± .045ns |
Education 5 | 6 | .003 ± .047ns | .009 ± .047ns | .001 ± .048ns | .012 ± .048ns | .013 ± .047ns |
Age | .001 ± .001ns | .001 ± .001ns | .001 ± .001ns | .001 ± .001ns | -.001 ± .001ns |
Gini | -.004 ± .002* | -.003 ± .002ns | .002 ± .002ns | -.002 ± .002ns | -.001 ± .002*** |
Deaths | .000 ± .001ns | .000 ± .001ns | .000 ± .001ns | .001 ± .001ns | -.001 ± .001ns |
Density | .000 ± .001ns | .000± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001* | .000 ± .0001ns |
WFH | -.001 ± .001ns | .001 ± .003ns | -.001 ± .003ns | .001 ± .001ns | -.009 ± .003*** |
Bus | Metro/Tram | Train | Airplane | ||
Male | Female | .019 ± .024ns | .004 ± .029ns | .009 ± .026ns | .007 ± .026ns | |
Education 1 | 6 | -.292 ± .317ns | -.038 ± .309ns | -.254 ± .314ns | -.264 ± .325ns | |
Education 2 | 6 | -.051 ± .118ns | -.121 ± .125ns | -.084 ± .120ns | -.159 ± .121ns | |
Education 3 | 6 | .006 ± .051ns | -.061 ± .060ns | -.017 ± .055ns | -.023 ± .053ns | |
Education 4 | 6 | -.043 ± .043ns | -.053 ± .050ns | -.055 ± .046ns | -.069 ± .044ns | |
Education 5 | 6 | .014 ± .044ns | .009 ± .052ns | .008 ± .047ns | .002 ± .045ns | |
Age | -.002 ± .001ns | -.001 ± .001ns | -.002 ± .001ns | -.002 ± .001ns | |
Gini | -.003 ± .002ns | .000 ± .002ns | .000 ± .002ns | .001 ± .002* | |
Deaths | -.002 ± .001** | -.003 ± .001** | -.003 ± .001** | .004 ± .001*** | |
Density | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | .000 ± .0001ns | |
WFH | -.008 ± .003** | .001 ± .004ns | -.005 ± .003ns | -.005 ± .003ns | |
Part F a,b | In the region | In the country | In the world | ||
Male | Female | -.001 ± .027ns | -.052 ± .026* | -.067 ± .025* | ||
Education 1 | 6 | .306 ± .324ns | .242 ± .318ns | .055 ± .313ns | ||
Education 2 | 6 | .291 ± .127* | .253± .125* | -.015 ± .124ns | ||
Education 3 | 6 | .050 ± .055ns | .079 ± .054ns | -.019 ± .052ns | ||
Education 4 | 6 | -.020 ± .046ns | -.038 ± .045ns | -.057 ± .043ns | ||
Education 5 | 6 | .001 ± .047ns | -.012 ± .046ns | -.031 ± .044ns | ||
Age | .005 ± .001*** | .004 ± .001** | -.001 ± .001ns | ||
Gini | .001 ± .002ns | .001 ± .002ns | -.004 ± .002* | ||
Deaths | .005 ± .001*** | .005 ± .001*** | .001 ± .001ns | ||
Density | .000 ± .0001** | .000 ± .0001*** | .000 ± .0001*** | ||
WFH | -.006 ± .003* | -.004 ± .003ns | .004 ± .003ns |
aSuperscripts are ns = non-significant
* = p < .05
** = p < .01
*** = p < .001.
bAbbreviations are “Education 1” = Primary school, “Education 2” = Middle school, “Education 3” = High school, “Education 4” = BSc, “Education 5” = MSc, “Education 6” = PhD.
Parameters estimates, standard deviation and statistical significance (B ± S.E.a) for the responses to perceived probability of contracting COVID-19 (Part D), perceived effectiveness of curbing COVID-19 (Part E) and perceived time needed by the transportation sector to completely recover (Part F).