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. 2021 Jan 13;32(2):194–201. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000001312

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Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 6. — Histogram of difference in absolute bias of conditioning vs. not conditioning on a mediator to control for unmeasured confounding in example 2. Scenarios to the left of the dashed line favor not conditioning on , scenarios to the right of the dashed line favor conditioning on . See main text for details. BMI, body mass index.

Inline graphic — Histogram of difference in absolute bias of conditioning vs. not conditioning on a mediator to control for unmeasured confounding in example 2. Scenarios to the left of the dashed line favor not conditioning on , scenarios to the right of the dashed line favor conditioning on . See main text for details. BMI, body mass index.