Table 1.
Demographic data and clinical outcomes of 187 patients with necrotizing fasciitis between the three groups
| Variable | Group Na (n = 111) |
Group Sb (n = 35) |
Group Hc (n = 41) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.0 ± 15.5 | 68.4 ± 10.8 | 70.3 ± 13.7† |
| Gender, male | 75 (67.6) | 22 (62.9) | 27 (65.9) |
| APACHEd II score | 11.5 ± 5.1 | 14.9 ± 5.8† | 16.8 ± 5.3† |
| Involved lower extremities | 66 (59.5) | 20 (57.1) | 33 (80.5)†§ |
| Seawater, seafood contact history or exposure to farm | 46 (41.4) | 14 (40.0) | 15 (36.6) |
| Underlying chronic diseases | |||
| Alcoholism | 27 (24.3) | 5 (14.3) | 8 (19.5) |
| Chronic liver dysfunction | 34 (30.6) | 16 (45.7) | 20 (48.8)† |
| HBV infection | 18 (16.2) | 5 (14.3) | 8 (19.5) |
| HCV infection | 22 (19.8) | 12 (34.3) | 15 (36.6)† |
| Liver cirrhosis | 25 (22.5) | 7 (20.0) | 9 (22.0) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26 (23.4) | 8 (22.9) | 17 (41.5)† |
| Cardiovascular disease | 18 (16.2) | 5 (14.3) | 10 (24.4) |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 3 (2.7) | 2 (5.7) | 6 (14.6)† |
| Diabetes mellitus | 46 (41.4) | 14 (40.0) | 18 (43.9) |
| Gout | 6 (5.4) | 5 (14.3) | 1 (2.4) |
| Malignancy | 15 (13.5) | 5 (14.3) | 11 (26.8)† |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (4.9) |
| Clinical outcomes | |||
| Mortality | 10 (9.0) | 5 (14.3) | 7 (17.1) |
| Amputation | 6 (5.4) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (17.1)† |
| Mortality or amputation | 14 (12.6) | 7 (20) | 13 (31.7)† |
| Postoperative intubation | 11 (9.9) | 5 (14.3) | 16 (39.0)† |
| Need ICUe care | 33 (29.7) | 12 (34.3) | 23 (56.1)†§ |
| Number of debridements | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 3.2 ± 1.9† |
| Hospital stay (days) | 31.1 ± 17.1 | 37.9 ± 28.6 | 36.7 ± 20.7 |
Data were presented as mean (standard deviation) or frequency (%). * p-value < 0.05
Abbreviations: aGroup N: no bullae group, bGroup S: serous-filled bullae group, cGroup H: hemorrhagic bullae group, dAPACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, eICU intensive unit care. Data were presented as mean (standard deviation); Data were compared with ANOVA, †p < 0.05 vs. no bullae in the Tukey post hoc test; §p < 0.05 vs. serious bullae in the Tukey post hoc test