Table 3.
Comaprisons of cardiac structure between participants with mitral valve prolapse and those without in absence of mitral regurgitation.
| Participants without mitral regurgitation (n = 613) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| MVP (−) (n = 600) |
MVP (+) (n = 13) |
p-value | |
| Cardiac geometry* | |||
| Aortic valve open (mm), PLAX | 19.61 ± 2.11 | 19.54 ± 1.76 | 0.89 |
| Aortic root dimension (mm), PALX | 28.95 ± 4.18 | 29.85 ± 3.36 | 0.38 |
| LV mass (gm), PLAX | 153.43 ± 34.79 | 144.73 ± 40.72 | 0.26 |
| LV posterior wall (mm), PLAX | 8.70 ± 1.12 | 8.53 ± 1.33 | 0.55 |
| LV internal dimension in diastole (mm), PLAX | 48.83 ± 3.66 | 47.38 ± 2.95 | 0.11 |
| LV internal dimension in systole (mm), PLAX | 30.55 ± 3.72 | 28.75 ± 2.55 | 0.13 |
| Interventricular septum, (mm), PLAX | 8.94 ± 1.19 | 8.92 ± 1.65 | 0.96 |
| RV wall thickness (mm)a, PLAX | 4.57 ± 0.86 | 4.42 ± 0.75 | 0.52 |
| RV outflow tract dimension in diastole (mm), PLAX | 27.16 ± 4.04 | 25.23 ± 5.21 | 0.05 |
| Left atrial dimension (mm), PLAX | 33.11 ± 4.00 | 32.23 ± 4.69 | 0.34 |
| LV hypertrophy | 46 [7.7] | 0 [0.0] | 0.29 |
| RV hypertrophya | 53 [10.6] | 0 [0.0] | 0.21 |
| Cardiac functional assessment | |||
| LV ejection fraction (%), PLAX | 61.31 ± 4.86 | 62.85 ± 4.86 | 0.25 |
| Tricuspid valve prolapse, PSAX | 70 [11.7] | 2 [15.4] | 0.68 |
| Aortic regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 1 [0.2] | 0 [0.0] | 0.88 |
| Pulmonary regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 263 [43.8] | 6 [46.2] | 0.86 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ mild grade | 334 [55.7] | 5 [38.5] | 0.21 |
| RV systolic pressure (mmHg) | 26.18 ± 4.44 | 24.87 ± 3.81 | 0.29 |
| Peak E velocity (cm/s) | 85.42 ± 14.91 | 82.96 ± 14.73 | 0.55 |
| Peak A velocity (cm/s) | 50.80 ± 11.38 | 43.19 ± 9.11 | 0.01 |
| E/A ratio | 1.76 ± 0.51 | 1.96 ± 0.34 | 0.16 |
| Peak E′ velocity (cm/s) | 15.86 ± 3.38 | 15.04 ± 2.72 | 0.38 |
| Peal A′ velocity (cm/s) | 8.00 ± 2.24 | 7.28 ± 2.06 | 0.25 |
| E′/A′ ratio | 2.13 ± 0.74 | 2.26 ± 0.94 | 0.55 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD (standard deviation), and categorical variables as N [%].
BSA body surface area, LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, PLAX echocardiographic parasternal long axis view, PSAX echocardiographic parasternal short axis view
aN = 512.
*indicates the p-value for the echocardiographic geometry variables with adjustment for body surface area.