Fig. 4.

BMP signaling blockade decreases CNS damage in EAE mice. (a) The degree of inflammatory infiltration (left panel and graph) and demyelination (right panel and graph) was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin and Klüver-Barrera staining in the spinal cords of vehicle-, DM- and DMH1-treated mice. (b) A more detailed histopathological study was performed on the spinal cords of five representative mice from the vehicle group and five DM- or DMH1-treated mice that experienced clinical recovery. The graphs show the area under the curve and the score at the end of the experiment for the selected mice. (c) Demyelination (MBP), axonal damage (SMI32), astrogliosis (GFAP), microglial activation (LEA), and T-cell infiltration (CD3) were assessed via immunofluorescence. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Arrows indicate positive staining for each marker. The statistical analysis was performed with mixed models to account for clustering by experiment. AUC = area under the curve; DM = dorsomorphin; DMH1 = dorsomorphin homologue 1; GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein; HE = hematoxylin and eosin; KB = Klüver-barrera; LEA = lectin from Lycopersicon esculentum; MBP = myelin basic protein