Table 3.
Characteristics of studies evaluating 2D:4D in addictions
| Diagnosis | First author | Year | Country | Patients | Controls | Hand | 2D:4D measurement tool | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Number | Mean age (range) | Male, n (%) | Number | Mean age (range) | Male, n (%) | |||||||
| Alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) | Han | 2016 | South Korea | 87 | 51.2 (/) | 87 (100) | 52 | 48.32 (/) | 52 (100) | L, R | Scanner (indirect) | |
| Alcohol dependence (DSM-5, ICD-10) | Lenz | 2017 | Germany | 200 | 48 (42−54) | 113 (56.50) | 240 | 48 (39−56) | 133 (55.42) | Mean L, R | Scanner (indirect) | |
| Alcohol dependence (ICD-10) | Kornhuber | 2011 | Germany | 131 | / (24−77) | 87 (66.41) | 185 | / (24−77) | 83 (44.86) | L, R | Scanner (indirect) | |
| Heroin dependence (DSM-5) | Canan | 2018 | Turkey | 150 | 22.8 (/) | 150 (100) | 266 | 23 (/) | 266 (100) | L, R | Digital Caliper (direct) | |
| Heroin dependence (DSM-IV) | Cicek | 2017 | Turkey | 62 | 24.09 (18−45) | 62 (100) | 50 | 24.42 (18−45) | 50 (100) | R | Digital Caliper (direct) | |
2D:4D, Second-to-fourth Digit Ratio; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ICD, International Classification of Diseases; L, left; R, right; /, not available.