. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 2.

Published in final edited form as: J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2020 May;18(5):591–598. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2019.7386

Table 3.

Effect Size Estimates of the Intervention for Improving Patient-Reported Outcomes

Patient-Reported Outcomes	Usual Care		Intervention		Cohen’s d Effect Size^*
Patient-Reported Outcomes	Mean Δ	SD	Mean Δ	SD	Cohen’s d Effect Size^*
Quality of Life
FACT-G Total	−3.84	15.75	−0.77	14.10	0.21
Symptoms
ESAS-Physical Symptoms	3.96	10.69	0.06	15.72	0.29
ESAS-Total Symptoms	5.72	13.94	−0.47	20.61	0.35
Number of Moderate-Severe ESAS Symptoms	1.04	2.82	−0.69	3.18	0.58
GDS Depression Symptoms	0.58	2.90	−0.47	2.98	0.36
Functional Outcomes
Number of Independent ADLs	−0.68	1.93	−0.88	3.67	0.07
Number of Independent IADLs	−0.24	1.48	−0.19	1.22	0.04
Communication Confidence and Illness Perceptions
Perceived Efficacy in Patient-Physician Interactions	−0.80	6.49	1.06	2.54	0.38
Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire	0.96	9.95	0.88	12.77	0.01

For each of these outcomes, we calculated effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for changes from baseline to week 12 ([Mean change score (intervention arm) – Mean change score (usual care arm)]/SDpooled), where 0.2 indicates a small effect, 0.5 a medium effect, and 0.8 a large effect.

Abbreviations: Mean Δ, mean change; SD, standard deviation; FACT-G, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General; ESAS, Edmonton Symptom Assessment System; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; ADLs, Activities of Daily Living; IADLs, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.