TABLE 3.
HP-TDR | CON | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All (n = 43) | Female (n = 19) | Male (n = 24) | All (n = 43) | Female (n = 19) | Male (n = 24) | Diet effect1 | Sex effect1 | Diet × sex1 | |
Total EE, kcal/d | 2143 ± 268 | 1967 ± 195 | 2283 ± 234 | 2061 ± 243 | 1899 ± 143 | 2189 ± 231 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.300 |
24-h RER | 0.85 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.01 | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.038 | 0.333 |
Resting | |||||||||
REE Day 1, kcal/d | 1620 ± 259 | 1432 ± 138 | 1768 ± 236 | 1621 ± 206 | 1491 ± 115 | 1724 ± 204 | 0.784 | <0.001 | 0.067 |
RER - Day 1 | 0.81 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 0.81 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.04 | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 0.83 ± 0.03 | 0.213 | 0.063 | 0.066 |
REE Day 2, kcal/d | 1612 ± 215 | 1462 ± 168 | 1731 ± 169 | 1605 ± 247 | 1408 ± 147 | 1761 ± 193 | 0.582 | <0.001 | 0.064 |
RER - Day 2 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.03 | 0.85 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.242 | 0.394 |
Basal | |||||||||
Basal EE, kcal/d | 1584 ± 242 | 1409 ± 149 | 1723 ± 211 | 1600 ± 223 | 1450 ± 165 | 1719 ± 191 | 0.411 | <0.001 | 0.315 |
RER | 0.83 ± 0.02 | 0.83 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.518 | 0.689 |
Sleep | |||||||||
Sleep EE,3 kcal/8-h night | 498 ± 49 | 469 ± 47 | 522 ± 37 | 481 ± 53 | 450 ± 44 | 505 ± 48 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.864 |
RER | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.02 | 0.82 ± 0.01 | 0.85 ± 0.02 | 0.85 ± 0.02 | 0.85 ± 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.664 | 0.661 |
Carbohydrate ox, g/d | 235 ± 43 | 219 ± 31 | 247 ± 47 | 273 ± 40 | 256 ± 27 | 286 ± 45 | <0.001 | 0.007 | 0.867 |
Protein ox,2 g/d | 91 ± 40 | 67 ± 24 | 110 ± 40 | 53 ± 20 | 36 ± 8 | 67 ± 16 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.212 |
Fat ox, g/d | 79 ± 17 | 78 ± 17 | 79 ± 16 | 71 ± 16 | 69 ± 9 | 72 ± 20 | 0.013 | 0.614 | 0.729 |
Carbohydrate balance, g/d | –48 ± 33 | –43 ± 25 | –51 ± 38 | 22 ± 26 | 21 ± 18 | 23 ± 32 | <0.001 | 0.631 | 0.463 |
Protein balance, g/d | 119 ± 34 | 132 ± 23 | 110 ± 39 | 29 ± 19 | 42 ± 6 | 19 ± 19 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.959 |
Fat balance, g/d | –20 ± 17 | –23 ± 17 | –18 ± 16 | 1 ± 15 | –0.6 ± 10 | 3 ± 18 | <0.001 | 0.246 | 0.867 |
Energy balance, kcal/d | –18 ± 113 | 32 ± 101 | –58 ± 109 | 92 ± 129 | 164 ± 100 | 35 ± 121 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.143 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD.
P values were detected with the use of a mixed ANOVA.
Data were not normally distributed and log-transformed for statistical analysis.
Sleep EE reflects an 8-h sleep period.
CON, control; EE, energy expenditure; HP-TDR, high-protein total diet replacement; ox, oxidation; REE, resting energy expenditure; RER, respiratory exchange ratio.