Table 2.
Case fatality, hospitalization rate, rate of admission to intensive care units and in-hospital case fatality in non-Italian nationals compared to Italian nationals
| Case fatality | Cases | Deaths | (%) | Crude RR | (95% CI) | Adj. RR a | (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nationality (1) | |||||||
| Italian | 194 956 | 27 836 | 14.3 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Non-Italian | 15 504 | 390 | 2.5 | 0.18 | (0.16–0.19) | 1.01 | (0.91–1.14) |
| Nationality (2) | |||||||
| Italian | 194 956 | 27 836 | 14.3 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Low-HDI countries | 3255 | 53 | 1.6 | 0.11 | (0.09–0.15) | 1.32 | (1.01–1.75) |
| Medium-HDI countries | 8246 | 237 | 2.9 | 0.20 | (0.18–0.23) | 1.03 | (0.89–1.18) |
| High-HDI countries | 4003 | 100 | 2.5 | 0.17 | (0.14–021) | 0.85 | (0.69–1.04) |
|
| |||||||
| Hospitalization rate | Cases | Hospitalized | (%) | Crude RR | (95% CI) | Adj. RRa | (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Nationality (1) | |||||||
| Italian | 195 225 | 75 432 | 38.6 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Non-Italian | 15 507 | 4884 | 31.5 | 0.82 | (0.79–0.84) | 1.39 | (1.33–1.44) |
| Nationality (2) | |||||||
| Italian | 195 225 | 75 432 | 38.6 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Low-HDI countries | 3255 | 925 | 28.4 | 0.74 | (0.69–0.78) | 1.59 | (1.48–1.71) |
| Medium-HDI countries | 8249 | 2970 | 36.0 | 0.93 | (0.90–0.97) | 1.46 | (1.39–1.53) |
| High-HDI countries | 4003 | 989 | 24.7 | 0.64 | (0.60–0.68) | 1.15 | (1.07–1.23) |
|
| |||||||
| Rate of admission to ICU in hospitalized cases | Hospitalized cases | Admitted to ICU | (%) | Crude RR | (95% CI) | Adj. RRa | (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Nationality (1) | |||||||
| Italian | 75 432 | 9066 | 12.0 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Non-Italian | 4884 | 549 | 11.2 | 0.94 | (0.86–1.02) | 1.19 | (1.07–1.32) |
| Nationality (2) | |||||||
| Italian | 75 432 | 9066 | 12.0 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Low-HDI countries | 925 | 92 | 9.9 | 0.83 | (0.67–1.02) | 1.16 | (0.93–1.44) |
| Medium-HDI countries | 2970 | 354 | 11.9 | 0.99 | (0.89–1.10) | 1.25 | (1.11–1.42) |
| High-HDI countries | 989 | 103 | 10.4 | 0.87 | (0.71–1.05) | 1.07 | (0.88–1.32) |
|
| |||||||
| Case fatality in hospitalized cases | Hospitalized cases | Deaths | (%) | Crude RR | (95% CI) | Adj. RRa | (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Nationality (1) | |||||||
| Italian | 75 252 | 20 823 | 27.7 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Non-Italian | 4883 | 327 | 6.7 | 0.24 | (0.22–0.27) | 0.93 | (0.83–1.04) |
|
| |||||||
| Nationality (2) | |||||||
| Italian | 75 252 | 20 823 | 27.7 | ref. | ref. | ||
| Low-HDI countries | 925 | 37 | 4.0 | 0.14 | (0.10–0.20) | 0.93 | (0.67–1.29) |
| Medium-HDI countries | 2969 | 206 | 6.9 | 0.25 | (0.22–0.29) | 0.93 | (0.80–1.07) |
| High-HDI countries | 989 | 84 | 8.5 | 0.31 | (0.25–0.38) | 0.94 | (0.76–1.17) |
RR, rate ratio; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; ref., reference category.
a
Adjusted for sex, age group, geographical macro-area of diagnosis, level of urbanization of the place of residence, pre-existing comorbidities and calendar period of diagnosis and accounting for the random effect due regional contextual differences.