Table 2.
Participants’ European Quality of Life visual analogue scores by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics
| Variable | Frequency (%); N = 300 | Median [Q1-Q3] | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age category (years) | |||
| Less than 60 | 182 (60.7) | 70 [50–80] | < 0.001b |
| 60 or more | 118 (39.3) | 50 [29–70] | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 166 (35.3) | 60 [50–75] | 0.429b |
| Female | 134 (44.7) | 66 [40–77] | |
| Body mass index category | |||
| Underweight | 12 (4.0) | 70 [25–88] | 0.003c |
| Healthy | 96 (32.0) | 70 [50–80] | |
| Overweight | 113 (37.7) | 60 [40–80] | |
| Obese | 79 (26.3) | 50 [35–70] | |
| Residency | |||
| Refugee camp | 30 (10.0) | 75 [38–81] | 0.141c |
| Village | 175 (58.3) | 63 [50–75] | |
| City | 95 (31.7) | 60 [30–75] | |
| Living arrangement | |||
| Alone | 19 (6.3) | 70 [50–75] | 0.269b |
| With family | 281 (93.7) | 60 [40–75] | |
| Educational level | |||
| No formal education | 14 (4.7) | 48 [18–71] | < 0.001c |
| Primary school | 62 (20.7) | 50 [30–70] | |
| Secondary school | 81 (27.0) | 60 [40–77] | |
| High school | 67 (22.3) | 60 [50–75] | |
| Graduated | 76 (25.3) | 70 [55–84] | |
| Social status | |||
| Married | 220 (73.3) | 60 [44–75] | 0.729b |
| Single, divorced, or widowed | 80 (26.7) | 70 [31.2–80] | |
| Employment | |||
| Unemployed | 235 (78.3) | 60 [40–70] | < 0.001b |
| Employed | 65 (21.7) | 75 [60–87] | |
| Household monthly income | |||
| < 2000 NIS | 178 (59.3) | 60 [39–75] | 0.001c |
| 2000–4999 NIS | 109 (36 .3) | 65 [48–80] | |
| > 5000 NIS | 13 (4.3) | 78 [70–85] | |
| Dialysis vintage(years) | |||
| < 4 | 196 (65.3) | 65 [41–78] | 0.040b |
| ≥ 4 | 104 (34.7) | 58 [31–75] | |
| Dialysis sessions per week | |||
| < 3 | 21 (7.0) | 65 [53–73] | 0.787c |
| 3 | 276 (92.0) | 60 [40–77] | |
| ≥ 4 | 3 (1.0) | 75 [50-N/A] | |
| Dialysis session duration (hours) | |||
| < 4 | 258 (86.0) | 65 [40–77] | 0.740b |
| ≥ 4 | 42 (14.0) | 60 [50–71] | |
| Previous kidney transplantation | |||
| Yes | 13 (4.3) | 80 [40–78] | 0.258b |
| No | 287 (95.7) | 60 [40–75] | |
| Known cause for ESRD | |||
| Yes | 281 (93.7) | 65 [40–78] | 0.439b |
| No | 19 (6.3) | 60 [40–70] | |
| Chronic diseases category | |||
| None | 30 (10.0) | 75 [50–89] | < 0.001c |
| 1 | 77 (25.7) | 70 [50–80] | |
| 2 | 86 (28.7) | 65 [50–79] | |
| ≥ 3 | 107 (35.7) | 50 [20–70] | |
| Chronic medications category | |||
| < 4 | 10 (3.3) | 50 [28–59] | 0.037b |
| ≥ 4 | 290 (96.7) | 65 [40–77] | |
| Smoking | |||
| Nonsmoker | 218 (72.7) | 65 [40–75] | 0.439c |
| Light smoker | 48 (16.0) | 55 [50–80] | |
| Smoker | 34 (11.3) | 68 [50–82] | |
| Pain severity | |||
| Mild | 219 (73.0) | 70 [50–80] | < 0.001c |
| Moderate | 38 (12.7) | 50 [35–61] | |
| Severe | 34 (14.3) | 12 [10–40] | |
| Pain interference | |||
| Low | 241 (80.3) | 70 [50–80] | < 0.001b |
| High | 59 (19.7) | 20 [10–50] |
ESRD, end stage renal disease; NIS, New Israeli shekel (1 NIS = 0.31 US Dollars)
aBold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level
bMann–Whitney U test
cKruskal–Wallis test