Table 2.
Association of alcohol consumption and CVD, cancer and mortality in different smoking status
| Alcohol consumption, g/wk | 0 | 1–25 | 26–150 | 151–350 | > 350 | Ptrend | Pinteraction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 50,291/8379 | n = 3748/5501 | n = 1470/3549 | n = 1066/3449 | n = 1014/5200 | |||
| Composite CVD, cancer, and mortality | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1.43 (1.28, 1.59) | 1 (ref) | 1.15 (0.97, 1.36) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.39) | 1.19 (0.98, 1.45) | 0.03 | |
| Smoker | 1.31 (1.18, 1.44) | 1 | 1.14 (1.01, 1.29) | 1.22 (1.09, 1.37) | 1.37 (1.23, 1.53) | 0.002 | |
| CVD | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1.39 (1.20, 1.62) | 1 | 1.04 (0.81, 1.33) | 1.17 (0.91, 1.50) | 1.24 (0.94, 1.62) | 0.20 | |
| Smoker | 1.22 (1.07, 1.40) | 1 | 1.05 (0.89, 1.25) | 1.16 (0.99, 1.36) | 1.26 (1.08, 1.46) | 0.09 | |
| Cancer | 0.05 | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1.27 (1.01, 1.59) | 1 | 1.59 (1.14, 2.23) | 1.21 (0.83, 1.77) | 1.03 (0.66, 1.61) | 0.005 | |
| Smoker | 1.27 (1.03, 1.56) | 1 | 1.28 (0.99, 1.66) | 1.33 (1.05, 1.69) | 1.48 (1.18, 1.86) | 0.005 | |
| Mortality | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 1.55 (1.33, 1.81) | 1 | 1.23 (0.97, 1.56) | 1.15 (0.90, 1.47) | 1.09 (0.81, 1.46) | < 0.001 | |
| Smoker | 1.50 (1.30, 1.74) | 1 | 1.21 (1.01, 1.46) | 1.22 (1.03, 1.46) | 1.45 (1.23, 1.71) | 0.35 | |
Values are hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Numbers of non-smoker/smoker were listed for each category
Adjusted for age, sex, marriage (single, first marriage, other), education (elementary or below, middle or high school, college or above), household income per capita (≤500, 501–1000, > 1000 Chinese yuan/month), moderate/vigorous physical activity (< 1, 1–3, ≥4 times/week), sodium intake (< 6, 6–9.9, ≥10 g/day), body mass index (kg/m2), fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), anti-hypertension drugs (yes, no), anti-diabetes drugs (yes, no), and lipid-lowering drugs (yes, no)
CVD cardiovascular diseases