. 2020 Oct 12;18(1):57–72. doi: 10.1038/s41423-020-00561-z

Table 2.

Innate lymphocytes in the adult healthy liver (human)

Cell group	Cell subset	Phenotypical identification	Other surface markers	Transcription factors	Main effector molecules	Ref.
ILC group 1
	NK	CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD127⁻ CD56⁺	CD16^dim/bright, NKG2D⁺, NKp46⁺, CD49b⁺, NKp44⁺, NKp80⁺	T-bet⁺, Eomes⁺	Perforin, Granzyme B, IFN-γ	⁴⁸
	ILC1	Lin⁻ CD3⁻ CD56^bright CD16^lo CD49a⁺	CD69⁺, NKG2C⁺, TRAIL⁺, NKp46⁺, NKp44⁺	T-bet^hi, Eomes^lo	IFN-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, Perforin, Granzyme B	^30,43,48,211
		CD3⁻ CD56^bright CD49e⁻	CD69⁺, CXCR6⁺	T-bet⁺, Eomes^hi
		CD3⁻ CD56^bright CXCR6⁺		T-bet^lo, Eomes^hi
		CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD127⁺ CD117⁻ NKp44⁻ CRTH2⁻	CD161⁺, CD69⁺, CD62L⁻, CD103⁻	T-bet⁺, Emoes⁺, RORγt^int
ILC group 2
	ILC2	CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD127⁺CRTH2⁺	CD161⁺, CD69⁺, CD62L⁻, CD103⁻	GATA-3⁺, RORγt^int	IL-5, IL-13	^48,49,211
ILC group 3
	ILC3	CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD127⁺ CRTH2⁻ CD117⁺ NKp44^+/−	NKp46⁺, CD161⁺, CD69⁺, CD62L⁻, CD103⁻	RORγt⁺, Helios⁺	IL-17A, IL-22	^48,49,211
	LTi^a	CD45⁺ Lin⁻ CD117⁺ α4β7⁺ CD127⁺	CD4⁻, OX40L⁺	RORγt⁺, Id2⁺	Lymphotoxin, RANKL, IL-22	^48,212,213
Innate-like T lymphocytes
	iNKT	CD3⁺ CD56⁺ Vα24/Vβ11⁺	CD4⁺ CD8^–, CD4^– CD8^– and CD4^– CD8⁺	PLZF⁺, Hobit⁺, T-bet⁺/GATA-3⁺/RORγt⁺	TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, GM-CSF, Cytotoxic	^55,56,209
	Non-iNKT	CD3⁺ CD56⁺ Vα24⁻; CD3⁺ CD56⁺ sulfatide-loaded CD1d tetramers⁺	CD4⁺ CD8^–, CD4^– CD8^– and CD4^– CD8⁺	PLZF⁺, T-bet⁺, RORγt⁻	IFN-γ, IL-13	^56,58,214
	γδT	CD3⁺ Vδ1⁺/Vδ3⁺	CD27^lo/neg, CD69⁺, CX3CR1⁺, CXCR3⁺, CXCR6⁺	PLZF⁺, T-bet⁺, RORγt⁺	IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, Perforin, Granzym B	^65–67,215
	MAIT	CD3⁺ CD4⁻ TCR Vα7.2⁺ CD161⁺	CD38⁺, PD-1⁺, CD69⁺, CD56⁺, NKG2D⁺, CD8⁺ (mostly)	T-bet⁺, Eomes⁺, Hobit⁺, RORγt⁺, PLZF⁺	IL-17A	^77,84

ILC innate lymphoid cell, NK natural killer, LTi lymphoid tissue-inducer, iNKT invariant natural killer T, non-iNKT non-invariant natural killer T, MAIT mucosal-associated invariant T cells

^aLTi: references are from the fetal liver, intestine, and lymph nodes