Table 3. Association of miRNA levels with severe malaria, symptoms of severity, and Plasmodium falciparum cytoadhesion among children with uncomplicated and severe malaria, Mozambique*.

Characteristic	miRNA	baseMean	log2-fold change	Adjusted p value
Clinical data
SM, n = 44 vs. 39 UM
All	hsa-miR-122-5p	19,929.69	1.67	0.001
SA, n = 17 vs. 39 UM
	hsa-miR-4492	17.34	2.81	0.046
	hsa-miR-4497	293.66	2.18	0.046
Prostration, n = 33 vs. 39 UM
	hsa-miR-122-5p	20,677	1.89	0.001
	hsa-miR-6087	5.36	2.39	0.033
	hsa-miR-511-5p	126.67	1.36	0.040
Acidosis or respiratory distress, n = 18 vs. 39 UM
	hsa-miR-122-5p	13,367.43	2.21	<0.001
	hsa-miR-4497	272.39	2.05	0.07
Cytoadhesion data
Platelet-mediated agglutination, n = 50 vs. 19 UM
	hsa-miR-3158-3p	1,180.96	−2.26	<0.001
	hsa-miR-320a	22,005.69	−1.48	0.001
	hsa-miR-4492	18.33	2.78	0.002
	hsa-miR-1290	1,011.34	−1.38	0.014
	hsa-miR-320b	1,191.44	−1.23	0.014
	hsa-miR-320c	408.32	−1.29	0.014
	hsa-miR-1246	3,907.45	−1.32	0.019
	hsa-miR-6741-5p	48.11	−1.81	0.023
	hsa-miR-1228-5p	82.73	−1.88	0.023
	hsa-miR-3195	16.35	2.21	0.023
	hsa-miR-7706	334.86	−1.00	0.023
gC1qR, n = 35 vs. 34 UM
	hsa-miR-1-3p	622.35	2.09	0.003

*Positive fold change indicates overexpression in severe malaria and symptoms of severity compared to UM as well as parasites showing cytoadhesion compared to none. Total number of miRNAs in RNA sequencing data was 1,450. p value adjusted for multiple testing by the Benjamini-Hochberg method. baseMean, mean normalized expression of the miRNAs in all the samples; miRNA, microRNA; SA, severe anemia, SM, severe malaria; UM, uncomplicated malaria.