Figure 5.

Combination Therapies Normalize Cytokine Expression in the Twi Brain

(A) G-CSF, (B) KC, (C) MCP-1, and (D) MIP-1α are significantly elevated in Twi Untr brains at 36 days of age. Gene therapy alone (Twi AAV2/9) decreases the expression of these cytokines at 36 days. However, by the time these mice are terminal, cytokine expression in Twi mice receiving AAV2/9 alone no longer differs from that of 36-day-old Twi Untr mice. Both 2xRx (Twi 2xRx) and 3xRx (Twi 3xRx) therapies normalize cytokine expression for the life of the animals. The error bars represent one standard error of the mean, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005.