Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Control (n = 6) | Acute MI |
ICM |
Myocarditis |
DCM |
Sarcoidosis |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 10) | p Value | (n = 7) | p Value | (n = 5) | p Value | (n = 5) | p Value | (n = 5) | p Value | ||
| Demographics | |||||||||||
| Age (yrs) | 45 ± 18 | 60 ± 6 | 0.10 | 56 ± 8 | 0.21 | 31 ± 13 | 0.16 | 57 ± 17 | 0.26 | 49 ± 9 | 0.62 |
| Male | 3 (50) | 7 (70) | 0.61 | 6 (86) | 0.27 | 5 (100) | 0.18 | 3 (60) | 1.00 | 4 (80) | 0.55 |
| Comorbidity | |||||||||||
| Hypertension | 0 (0) | 4 (40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | |||||
| TIA/stroke | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | |||||
| Dyslipidemia | 0 (0) | 2 (20) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | 1 (20) | |||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) | |||||
| Current smoker | 0 (0) | 7 (70) | 1 (14) | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Previous smoker | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 2 (29) | 0 (0) | 3 (60) | 2 (40) | |||||
| Previous PCI | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 7 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Previous CABG | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (29) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Laboratory findings | |||||||||||
| CRP (mg/l) | 0 (0-2) | 24 (14-41) | <0.01 | 1 (0-3) | 0.35 | 51 (27-87) | <0.01 | 1 (0-3) | 0.42 | 3 (2-7) | 0.01 |
| WBC (×109/l) | 5.6 (4.9-5.6) | 11.8 (11.1-13.2) | <0.01 | 7.5 (6.0-8.2) | 0.03 | 9.6 (8.3-15.0) | <0.01 | 5.7 (5.3-8.5) | 0.47 | 7.3 (6.6-10.0) | 0.01 |
| hsTnI (ng/l) | 4 (4-4) | 33,370 (4,080-63,184) | <0.01 | 4 (4-9) | 0.17 | 7,767 (3,448-20,552) | <0.01 | 7 (5-14) | 0.01 | 4 (4-4) | 1.00 |
| Baseline CMR findings | |||||||||||
| LV | |||||||||||
| LV EDV/BSA (ml/m2) | 81 ± 17 | 78 ± 15 | 0.73 | 109 ± 21 | 0.03 | 83 ± 14 | 0.83 | 132 ± 28 | <0.01 | 84 ± 25 | 0.85 |
| LV ESV/BSA (ml/m2) | 26 ± 6 | 39 ± 13 | 0.04 | 65 ± 17 | <0.01 | 35 ± 8 | 0.07 | 79 ± 23 | <0.01 | 37 ± 13 | 0.11 |
| LV mass/BSA (g/m2) | 47 ± 6 | 69 ± 17 | <0.01 | 66 ± 9 | <0.01 | 66 ± 11 | <0.01 | 64 ± 19 | 0.08 | 53 ± 9 | 0.23 |
| LV EF (%) | 68 ± 3 | 51 ± 7 | <0.01 | 41 ± 5 | <0.01 | 58 ± 5 | <0.01 | 41 ± 6 | <0.01 | 56 ± 4 | <0.01 |
| T1 (ms) | |||||||||||
| Whole myocardium | 1,030 ± 43 | 1,078 ± 37 | 0.08 | 1,067 ± 34 | 0.15 | 1,045 ± 41 | 0.56 | ||||
| Infarcted myocardium | 1,193 ± 57 | <0.01 | 1,008 ± 108 | 0.65 | |||||||
| Remote myocardium | 1,076 ± 42 | 0.05 | 1,021 ± 34 | 0.68 | |||||||
| T2* (ms) | |||||||||||
| Whole myocardium | 37 ± 5 | 40 ± 2 | 0.20 | 39 ± 5 | 0.51 | 36 ± 5 | 0.86 | ||||
| Infarcted myocardium | 41 ± 9 | 0.29 | 35 ± 6 | 0.60 | |||||||
| Remote myocardium | 37 ± 4 | 0.87 | 35 ± 6 | 0.50 | |||||||
| ECV (%) | |||||||||||
| Whole myocardium | 26.9 (25.2-28.5) | 28.7 (25.8-30.7) | 0.20 | 31.5 (29.7-34.3) | 0.01 | 28.1 (24.6-29.6) | 0.72 | ||||
| Infarcted myocardium | 44.6 (42.2-52.0) | <0.01 | 52.2 (44.5-59.2) | <0.01 | |||||||
| Remote myocardium | 30.3 (26.6-32.7) | 0.08 | 27.4 (27.1-32.1) | 0.57 | |||||||
Values are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range) according to data distribution. The p values refer to the comparison between patient groups and healthy controls.
BSA = body surface area; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; CMR = cardiovascular magnetic resonance; CRP = C-reactive protein; DCM = dilated cardiomyopathy; EDV = end-diastolic volume; EF = ejection fraction; ESV = end-systolic volume; hsTnI = high sensitivity Troponin I; ICM = ischemic cardiomyopathy; LV = left ventricular; MI = myocardial infarction; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; TIA = transient ischemic attack; WBC = white blood cell.