Fig. 1. Immunodeficient Rag1^−/− mice exhibit impaired resolution of C. difficile infection following FMT.

a Schematic of antibiotic (ABX) treatment, C. difficile infection, and FMT. b Weight loss following infection in littermate, antibiotic-treated Rag^HET (n = 6) and Rag1^−/− (n = 5) mice. Data is representative of three independent experiments. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM. c C. difficile burden and d toxin B levels in the fecal pellets of Rag1^−/− (n = 10) and Rag1^HET (n = 14) mice following FMT. Data is a combination of three independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated by a two-sided unpaired t-test. ***p < 0.0001. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM. e H&E stained cecal tissue sections and f mean crypt length from naïve, C. difficile-infected PBS treated, or C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1^HET and Rag1^−/− mice. n = 3 naïve Rag1^HET and Rag1^−/− mice; n = 3 C. difficile-infected PBS treated Rag1^HET mice; n = 4 C. difficile-infected PBS treated Rag1^−/− mice; n = 6 C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1^HET mice; n = 4 C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1^−/− mice. Scale bar = 100 μm. Data is representative of two independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated by a two-sided unpaired Mann–Whitney test; *p = 0.01 Data are presented as mean values ± SEM. b.d. below detection.