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. 2021 Feb 2;12:755. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20793-x

Fig. 6. FMT non-responsive Rag1−/− mice fail to restore their intestinal metabolite profile to pre-infection conditions.

Fig. 6

C. difficile-infected Rag1−/− and Rag1HET mice were administered FMT or PBS, sacrificed 21 days later along with naïve mice and amino acid, short chain fatty acid (SCFA), 1° and 2° bile acid pools were analyzed in cecal content. a Heatmap of relative concentration of amino acids, SCFA, 1° and 2° bile acids in cecal content of naïve (n = 5), C. difficile-infected (n = 6) or C. difficile-infected FMT-treated (n = 4 Rag1−/−; n = 6 Rag1HET mice). b Principal coordinate analysis plot comparing metabolite profile in the cecum of naïve, C. difficile-infected, and C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1−/− and Rag1HET mice. Ellipses represent 95% confidence intervals. c Volcano plot of metabolites in the cecum of C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1−/− and Rag1HET mice. Blue circles indicate metabolites enriched in Rag1HET mice. Red circles indicate metabolites enriched in Rag1−/− mice. Significance threshold criteria set at a two-fold change in concentration and an adjusted p-value of 0.05 using an unpaired t-test and adjusted for false discovery rate. d Concentration of individual 2° bile acids. n = 5 naïve Rag1−/− and Rag1HET mice; n = 6 C. difficile-infected Rag1−/− and Rag1HET mice; n = 4 C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1−/−; n = 6 C. difficile-infected FMT-treated Rag1HET mice examined over two independent experiments. Statistical significance was calculated by a one-way ANOVA using Dunnett method for multiple comparison adjustments. DCA ***p < 0.0001, LCA *p = 0.043, TDCA *p = 0.014, ωMCA **p = 0.002. Boxes represent median, first and third quartile. Whiskers extend to the highest and lowest data point. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. TCDCA taurochenodeoxycholic acid, αMCA alphamuricholic acid, βMCA betamuricholic acid, γMCA gammamuricholic acid, CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid, TCA taurocholic acid, CA cholic acid, TLCA taurolithocholic acid, TDCA taurodeoxycholic acid, GDCA glycodeoxycholic acid, LCA lithocholic acid, ωMCA omegamuricholic acid, DCA deoxycholic acid. b.d. below detection.