. 2021 Jan 20;11:623665. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623665

TABLE 3.

Plasma hormone concentrations (means ± SEM) of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) under long photoperiod at 20°C (“LP20”), short photoperiod at 20°C (“SP20”), and short photoperiod at 8°C in torpor (“Torpor”) or during arousal phases (“Arousal”).

Hormones	LP20	SP20	Torpor	Arousal
Insulin (ng.mL^–1)	1.60 ± 0.34^a	0.44 ± 0.06^b	0.86 ± 0.08^ab	0.39 ± 0.04^b
Glucagon (pg.mL^–1)	238.4 ± 62.3^a	51.8 ± 23.2^b	53.2 ± 13.7^ab	38.2 ± 12.0^b
GLP-1 (pg.mL^–1)	108.53 ± 24.50^a	6.31 ± 3.25^b	2.24 ± 0.26^b	14.39 ± 3.49^bc
GIP (pg.mL^–1)	21.79 ± 4.90^a	6.62 ± 2.09^a	5.35 ± 1.03^a	13.09 ± 5.15^a
Leptin (ng.mL^–1)	1.61 ± 0.10^a	0.58 ± 0.02^b	0.80 ± 0.09^ab	0.78 ± 0.06^ab
Adiponectin (ng.mL^–1)	89.4 ± 2.3^a	95.1 ± 3.8^a	125.6 ± 6.6^a	75.9 ± 2.0^a
Corticosterone (ng.mL^–1)	5.93 ± 0.45^ab	9.23 ± 0.42^a	1.00 ± 0.06^b	8.39 ± 0.67^a

Different superscripts indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between photoperiodic and physiological states. Adapted from Weitten et al. (2013).