Table 3.

Effect of beverage intakes on expected DFSAR^a at age 17 years, adjusted for other beverage intakes, sex, and SES^b in Iowa Fluoride Study Participants (AIC^c = 1405.9)

Variable of interest	Estimated multiplicative effect of exposure (95% CId)e	P value
Milkf	0.87 (0.68–1.11)	.258
Juicefg	0.45 (0.25–0.78)	.005
SSBfh	1.52 (1.12–2.06)	.007
Water/SFBfi	0.82 (0.66–1.01)	.057
Female indicator	1.31 (0.94–1.82)	.107
Baseline SES—low	1 (reference)	—
Baseline SES—middle	0.86 (0.55–1.33)	.491
Baseline SES - high	1.09 (0.70–1.72)	.701

^aDFSAR = Decayed and filled surfaces.

^bSES = Socioeconomic status.

^cAIC = Akaike Information Criterion.

^dCI = confidence interval.

^eEstimated multiplicative effect of exposure of beverage on expected DFS from gender and SES adjusted generalized linear models based on the negative binomial distribution with a log link function.

^fEffect for each additional 8 oz beverage/d.

^g100% juice, including juice drinks before age 9 years.

ⁱWater/SFB = water and other sugar-free beverages.

^hSSB = sugar-sweetened beverages, including liquid juice drinks after 9 years.