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. 2021 Feb 2;8:3. doi: 10.1186/s40580-021-00253-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Real-time TEER data graph presents the comparative impedance to different ECM time graphs in the liver MPS (data presented as mean ± SD). b Real-time TEER data graph illustrates the comparative impedance to the time graph of different ECM and TGF-β1 responses in the liver fibrosis-on-chip model. The TEER values increased till the formation of a monolayer at 72 h. TGF-β1 was introduced in the MPS at 72 h, which results in the drop of TEER values due to cell–cell tight junction disruption and activation of fibroblasts. Activated fibroblasts produced ECM, which eventually increased the TEER values (data presented as mean ± SD)