Table 5.
Characteristics associated with the experience and perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past year among 278 male couples who had formulated sexual agreements, United States, April 2016-June 2017.
| Characteristic | Experienced IPV aORa (95% CI) | Perpetrated IPV aORa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Dyadic-level | ||
| Type of sexual agreement | ||
| Open vs. closed | 0.47 (0.25-0.89) | 0.61 (0.32-1.16) |
| Discordant responses vs. closed | 0.50 (0.16-1.63) | 0.59 (0.18-1.98) |
| Verbal explicitness of sexual agreement | ||
| Unspoken (i.e. assumed or understood) vs. spoken | 0.40 (0.15-1.03) | 0.88 (0.32-2.39) |
| Discordant responses vs. spoken | 0.85 (0.41-1.75) | 1.28 (0.59-2.75) |
| Duration of sexual agreement | ||
| ≥3 years vs. <3 years | 1.48 (0.83-2.64) | 0.80 (0.44-1.46) |
| Discordant responses vs. <3 years | 2.00 (0.59-6.77) | 0.77 (0.23-2.51) |
| Differences in agreement regarding general lifestyle issuesb (continuous) | 1.07 (0.95-1.20) | 1.06 (0.94-1.20) |
| Differences in agreement regarding sexual health issuesc (continuous) | 1.00 (0.91-1.10) | 0.98 (0.89-1.09) |
| Differences in trust between partnersd (continuous) | 1.02 (0.94-1.09) | 1.03 (0.96-1.11) |
| Participant-specific | ||
| Sexual orientation | ||
| Bisexual vs. gay | 2.33 (0.84-6.40) | 2.48 (0.88-7.01) |
| “Other” vs. gay | 0.77 (0.15-3.84) | 0.58 (0.11-3.17) |
| Non-prescription drug use or heavy alcohol use in the past 3 monthse (yes vs. no) | 1.31 (0.75-2.30) | 1.60 (0.89-2.87) |
| Disclosed breaking their sexual agreement to partner (yes vs. no) | 1.77 (0.47-6.68) | - |
| Believed that partner had ever broken their sexual agreement (yes vs. no) | - | 2.53 (0.96-6.65) |
| Depressive symptomatologyf (continuous) | 1.14 (1.07-1.22) | 1.09 (1.03-1.17) |
| Partner-specific | ||
| Sexual orientation | ||
| Bisexual vs. gay | 1.29 (0.49-3.39) | 0.96 (0.37-2.48) |
| “Other” vs. gay | 0.43 (0.08-2.17) | 1.74 (0.29-10.30) |
| Non-prescription drug use or heavy alcohol use in the past 3 monthse (yes vs. no) | 1.04 (0.60-1.82) | 0.84 (0.47-1.48) |
| Disclosed breaking their sexual agreement to participant (yes vs. no) | - | 1.79 (0.50-6.40) |
| Believed that participant had ever broken their sexual agreement (yes vs. no) | 2.79 (1.03-7.52) | - |
| Depressive symptomatologyf (continuous) | 1.07 (1.01-1.14) | 1.01 (0.95-1.07) |
Adjusted for differences in partners’ age, race/ethnicity and highest educational level.
Calculated by taking the absolute difference between the scores for each partner on the 6-item Preferences for General Lifestyle Outcomes Scale. Higher values indicate greater differences in agreement within the relationship.
Calculated by taking the absolute difference between the scores for each partner on the 7-item Preferences for Sexual Health Outcomes Scale. Higher values indicate greater differences in agreement within the relationship.
Calculated by taking the absolute difference between the scores for each partner on the 8-item Dyadic Trust Scale. Higher values indicate greater differences in trust between partners.
Defined as using marijuana (“pot” or “weed”), amyl nitrite (“poppers”), central nervous system depressants (“downers” such as Valium, Ativan or Xanax), opioid analgesics (such as Oxycontin or Percocet), hallucinogens (such as lysergic acid diethylamide or “acid”), 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (“ecstasy” or “molly”), club drugs (such as ketamine or “special K”), non-injection amphetamine (“speed”, “crystal meth” or “crank”), injection amphetamine (“speed”, “crystal meth” or “crank”), non-injection cocaine (smoked or snorted), injection cocaine, non-injection heroin (smoked or snorted), injection heroin, or some other non-prescription drug, or consuming ≥6 alcoholic drinks on the same occasion weekly, almost daily, or daily.
Assessed using the 11-item Iowa short form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Higher scores indicate greater levels of depressive symptomatology.