Table 1.
Demographics, clinical characteristics and follow-up of study population
| Characteristic | Tocilizumab- treated patients (N=16) |
Tofacitinib-treated patients (N=8) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years); median (IQR) | 66.1 (45.4–71.3) | 59.4 (42.4–70.9) |
| Female, n (%) | 9 (56) | 7 (88) |
| Race, n (%) | ||
| White | 7 (44) | 3 (38) |
| Black or African–American | 4 (25) | 4 (50) |
| Asian | 4 (25) | 0 (0) |
| Unknown/other | 1 (6) | 1 (12) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 15 (94) | 8 (100) |
| Unknown | 1 (6) | 0 (0) |
| Diagnosis for medication indication, n (%)* | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 10 (63) | 7 (88) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 0 (0) | 1 (13) |
| Giant cell arteritis | 3 (19) | 0 (0) |
| Lymphoma | 2 (13) | 0 (0) |
| Adult-onset Still’s disease | 1 (6) | 0 (0) |
| Disease duration (years), median (IQR) | 3.6 (1.1–10.5) | 7.6 (2.9–17.5) |
| Baseline positive HBV serologies, n (%) | ||
| HBcAb | 16 (100) | 8 (100) |
| HBsAg | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| HBsAb | 16 (100) | 7 (88) |
| Baseline HBV DNA assessed | 10 (63) | 6 (75) |
| Comorbidities† | 1 (6) | 1 (13) |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 5 (31) | 1 (13) |
| Diabetes | 7 (44) | 4 (50) |
| Hypertension | 2 (13) | 1 (13) |
| Coronary artery disease | ||
| Time receiving medication (years), median (IQR)‡ | 1.4 (0.2–4.2) | 0.8 (0.4–1.2) |
| Follow-up time (years), median (IQR)§ | 4.0 (1.6–5.9) | 3.1 (0.9–5.7) |
| Concurrent immunomodulatory therapy, n (%)¶ | 12 (75) | 6 (75) |
| Oral glucocorticoids | 7/12 (58) | 4/6 (67) |
| csDMARD | 7/12(58) | 4/6 (67) |
| Rituximab | 1/12 (8) | 0/6 (0) |
| Antiviral treatment,n (%)** | 4 (25) | 2 (25) |
| Reactivation of HBV during follow-up, n (%)* | ||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| No | 14 (88) | 6 (75) |
| Unknown (no follow-up HBV DNA or HBsAg) | 2 (13) | 2 (25) |
| Number of repeat HBsAg and/or HBV DNA tests, median (IQR) | 3 (1–6) | 2.5 (0.5–7) |
Percentages do not add up to 100% due to rounding.
Comorbidities were defined by presence of the diagnosis in the electronic health record.
Time receiving medication refers to the time from medication initiation to the discontinuation time as determined by electronic health record notes or the time of manuscript submission for patients still receiving the medication.
Follow-up time refers to the time from the initial medication prescription to the most recent patient encounter in our healthcare system.
Percentages do not add up to 100% as some patients received multiple types of immunomodulatory medications within the 2 years following medication. csDMARDs included methotrexate, leflunomide and sulfasalazine in the tocilizumab group and methotrexate and sulfasalazine in the tofacitinib group.
Refers to patients who received antiviral treatment at any point within the 2 years following medication. In the tocilizumab group, three patients received entecavir and one received tenofovir, one of which was after the study medication. In the tofacitinib group, one patient received tenofovir and one patient received entecavir, though both after study medication.
csDMARD, conventional syntheticdisease-modifying antirheumatic drug; HBcAb, hepatitis B core antibody; HBsAb, hepatitis B surface antibody; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus.