Figure 3.

A 60-year-old man with cigarette smoking history presented with recurrent transient attacks of vertigo for 1 month. (A) Pre-operative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed stenosis at the low segment of the basilar artery (BA) with 77.7% of degree. (D) A 2.5 × 8 mm Apollo balloon-mounted stent (MicroPort NeuroTech, Shanghai, China) was placed at the stenotic segment. There was no new cerebral infarction confirmed by diffusion-weighted imaging (B) and apparent diffusion coefficient imaging (E) within 72 h after stenting. Figures of the right column are cross-sectional T1-weighted BA images at the maximal lumen narrowing (MLN) (C) and reference (REF) (F) sites. The plaque was concentric and belonged to the circular type (C). Vessel area (VA) and lumen area (LA) at the MLN (C, VA 47.80 mm², LA 4.61 mm²) or REF (F, VA 32.32 mm², LA 6.40 mm²) sites were manually traced for measuring after zooming in 400 times. Wall area (WA) at the MLN or REF sites was calculated by VA-LA. The plaque burden was calculated as [(WA _MLN-WA _REF)/VA _MLN] × 100% and the remodeling index was calculated as VA _MLN/VA _REF. Therefore, the plaque burden was 36.1%. The remodeling index of the vessel at MLN was 1.48, which was categorized as positive remodeling.