Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics of intraabdominal surgery patients with and without postoperative acute kidney injury.
| AKI | No AKI | P-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | 234 | (8.7) | 2,457 | (92) | |
| Age (years) | 64.2 | (15.7) | 55.4 | (17.4) | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Age ≤40 | 22 | (9.4%) | 557 | (23%) | |
| Age >40 and ≤50 | 19 | (8.1%) | 397 | (16%) | |
| Age >50 and ≤60 | 33 | (14%) | 451 | (18%) | |
| Age >60 and ≤70 | 74 | (32%) | 499 | (20%) | |
| Age >70 and ≤80 | 59 | (25%) | 399 | (16%) | |
| Age >80 | 27 | (12%) | 154 | (6.3%) | |
| Female | 115 | (49%) | 1,464 | (60%) | 0.002 |
| Current Smoker | 37 | (16%) | 313 | (13%) | 0.2 |
| Emergency | 52 | (22%) | 415 | (17%) | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 155 | (66%) | 1,147 | (47%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 72 | (31%) | 469 | (19%) | <0.0001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 5 | (2.1%) | 10 | (0.4%) | 0.007 |
| Ascites | 5 | (2.1%) | 19 | (0.8%) | 0.051 |
| Functionally Dependent | 30 | (13%) | 91 | (3.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Mechanical Ventilation | 7 | (3.0%) | 13 | (0.5%) | 0.001 |
| Dyspnea | 26 | (11%) | 223 | (9.1%) | 0.3 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 7 | (3.0%) | 42 | (1.7%) | 0.2 |
| Preoperative Steroid | 21 | (9.0%) | 98 | (4.0%) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis/Septic Shock | 24 | (10%) | 119 | (4.8%) | <0.001 |
| Wound Infection | 3 | (1.3%) | 17 | (0.7%) | 0.2 |
| Disseminated Cancer | 16 | (6.8%) | 74 | (3.0%) | 0.002 |
| Bleeding Disorder | 23 | (10%) | 95 | (3.9%) | <0.0001 |
| Preoperative Transfusion | 7 | (3.0%) | 12 | (0.5%) | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 29.0 | (8.3) | 31.8 | (10.4) | <0.0001 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | <0.001 | ||||
| BMI Missing | 0 | (0.0%) | 4.0 | (0.2%) | |
| BMI <18.5 | 10 | (4.3%) | 73 | (3.0%) | |
| BMI ≥18.5 and <25 | 72 | (31%) | 626 | (25%) | |
| BMI ≥25 and <30 | 67 | (29%) | 666 | (27%) | |
| BMI ≥30 and <35 | 43 | (18%) | 313 | (13%) | |
| BMI ≥35 | 42 | (18%) | 775 | (32%) | |
| Hematocrit (%) | 35.8 | (5.7) | 38.5 | (5.1) | <0.0001 |
| Hematocrit (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| HCT Missing | 0 | (0.0%) | 17 | (0.7%) | |
| HCT ≤38 | 154 | (66%) | 1,057 | (43%) | |
| HCT >38 | 80 | (34%) | 1,383 | (56%) | |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 83.0 | (37.0) | 86.6 | (27.9) | 0.15 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | <0.0001 | ||||
| eGFR <30 | 15 | (6.4%) | 23 | (0.9%) | |
| eGFR ≥30 and <60 | 49 | (21%) | 352 | (14%) | |
| eGFR ≥60 and <90 | 81 | (35%) | 1,100 | (45%) | |
| eGFR ≥90 | 89 | (38%) | 982 | (40%) | |
| Procedure | <0.001 | ||||
| Procedures on spleen | 4 | (1.7%) | 14 | (0.6%) | |
| Colostomy, temporary and permanent | 0 | (0.0%) | 14 | (0.6%) | |
| Ileostomy and other enterostomy | 43 | (18.4%) | 313 | (13%) | |
| Gastrectomy, partial and total | 1 | (0.4%) | 61 | (2.5%) | |
| Small bowel resection | 12 | (5.1%) | 90 | (3.7%) | |
| Colorectal resection | 47 | (20%) | 296 | (12%) | |
| Local excision of large intestine lesion (not endoscopic) | 0 | (0.0%) | 1 | (0.0%) | |
| Appendectomy | 7 | (3.0%) | 99 | (4.0%) | |
| Cholecystectomy and common duct exploration | 20 | (8.6%) | 202 | (8.2%) | |
| Other hernia repair | 17 | (7.3%) | 186 | (7.6%) | |
| Exploratory laparotomy | 14 | (6.0%) | 74 | (3.0%) | |
| Excision, lysis peritoneal adhesions | 4 | (1.7%) | 48 | (2.0%) | |
| Other operating room lower gastrointestinal therapeutic procedures | 14 | (6.0%) | 115 | (4.7%) | |
| Other operating room gastrointestinal therapeutic procedures | 38 | (16%) | 343 | (14%) | |
| Gastric bypass and volume reduction | 13 | (5.6%) | 601 | (24%) | |
Continuous variables, displayed on a single row, are expressed as mean (standard deviation), and compared with the t-test. Categorical variables, displayed with one row per level of the variable, are expressed as counts (%) and compared with chi-square test.
Age, body mass index, hematocrit, and estimated glomerular filtration rate are displayed as both continuous and categorical variables.
AKI, acute kidney injury.